Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Ceremoniał dyplomatyczny na dworze angielskim w negocjacjach z Rzecząpospolitą w XVII wieku

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Maciejewski P. , Łódzki U.

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tom 79

PL

Wydanie publikacji dofinansowane przez Komitet Badań Naukowych

EN

The article is an attempt to depict the ceremony which existed within the courtly-diplomatic relationships between Poland and England in the limes of Elisabeth I, James I and Charles I, and to show its role. The paper is based on such sources as the accounts of legations to England by Pawel Działyński (1597), Jerzy Ossoliński (1621) and Jan Zawadzki (1633). Some inside information was taken from the accounts or private travel of Jakub Sobieski (1609). The ceremony at the English court, similarly as in other capital cities visited by our diplomats, was not only essential for the international relationships and enabled contacts between countries in general, but it also ensured achieving the most important thing in politics — the compromise. Besides that, it served harmonious coexistence and secured comfort in any actions. I here was on condition for that of course: both sides should properly receive the signals given (e.g. gestures, greetings, speeches, toasting, feasts, gifts and tokens, etc.). The only visible difference between the two sides would be the outside difference e.g. in clothing. The above can be proved by the fact that Polish diplomats, equipped with instructions, letters from the country and the knowledge gained, could easily manage the relationships with the royalty and high range English diplomats. Polish diplomats didn’t find it difficult to adjust to the local customs (with the exception of the unprecedented case of Działyński).

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Z dziejów polsko-angielskich stosunków dyplomatycznych w I połowie XVII wieku

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Maciejewski P.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

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2007

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tom 81

EN

A researcher undertaking the eflort to study the history of Polish-English diplomatic relations in the first half of the 17th century may use only a few doubtfully meritorious sources, that is some memoirs written by our members of parliament (e.g. by Paweł Działyński 1597, Jerzy Ossoliński 1621, Jan Zawadzki 1633) and travellers (e.g. Jakub Sobieski 1609). A careful study of those memoirs allows one to answer the fundamental question: what was the role that England played in Polish politics and what was the role of Polish Republic in English politics in the times of ‘the silver age’ (the 17th century)? What are the conclusions? The reign of James I was the best period of Polish-English relations although it was only Polish Republic that benefited from it. Charles Stuart’s succession to the throne brought about the change in the relations with Polish Republic. The scenario of Polish-English political games was hardly written into the politics; politics written with capital ‘P’ (e.g. negotations in Altmark). Poland would estimate the mutual relations taking into consideration the conflicts with neighbouring countries, Turkey and Sweden; England would consider the economy (the Eastland Company) and the matters of the Palatine of Rhine. One cannot help the impression that those mutual relations were peripheral to the grand politics and they could not turn out to be decisive or determining for any of the two countries. Such was the case with the matrimonial policy, i.e. the plan of getting Princess Elisabeth Stuart, James I’s daughter, married to Prince Wladyslaw, the son of Zygmunt III (Sigismundus). The question whether Poland and England could politically do without each other still remains a rhetorical one.

3

Szybkość uwalniania się 222Rn z wód podziemnych do atmosfery

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Przylibski T. A. , Maciejewski P. , Zagożdżon K. D. , Zagożdżon P. P.

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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tom Vol. 70, nr 10

742--750

EN

The authors conducted studies on the release rate of 222Rn from groundwater flowing out of a spring, from metamorphic reservoir rocks. This source gives rise to a stream about 205 m long. The activity concentration of Rn in the spring was about 700 Bq/dm33, took place at a distance of about 1 70-180 metres from the spring. With regard to the waterflow path, flowtime and the volume of water flowing through the cross-section of the tested stream, the exhalation coefficient of222Rn from water to atmospheric air is 3.80 Bq/dm3/m, 1.51 Bq/dm3/s and 1. 25 Bq/dm3/dm3, respctively. According to the authors, further research conducted in other springs occurring in other types of rocks and under different flow conditions (at different times of the year) will allow characterizing the dynamics of the process of222Rn release from groundwater through surface waters into the atmosphere. Perhaps this process can be described with a universal mathematical function.

4

Indoor Air Quality in a Selected Health Resort Facility: Analysis of PM10, PM2.5 and 222Rn Concentrations

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Merenda B. , Maciejewski P. , Bezyk Y. , Sówka I.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 10

202--215

EN

This paper discusses the importance of indoor air quality and indicates its relation with outdoor air quality in the area of spa treatment. Significant factors and sources causing indoor air pollution by particulate matter and radon are considered. Particular attention is drawn to specific functions of health resorts in spa treatment in the context of the importance of indoor and outdoor air for patients staying in the resorts. It is underlined the specificity of health resorts providing treatment for patients classified as the group most sensitive to air pollution, i.e. people with chronic respiratory diseases. The study comprised measurements of 24-h concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and 10-minute instantaneous concentrations of radon-222 (222Rn) from February 5 to February 25, 2021 in a treatment room of one of the Polish spas located in Lower Silesia. The analysis of interactions between the concentrations of two fractions of particulates PM10 and PM2.5 was presented. The interaction and dependence of factors affecting the elevated values of concentrations of the studied pollutants were discussed. The presented analyses showed that the concentrations of the studied pollutants were influenced by air exchange and air infiltration from outside to inside. In the case of short-term measurements of 222Rn activity concentration in the air, it was found that the observed changes in hourly concentrations of 222Rn are analogous to those observed in residential buildings. For the specific time intervals, the variation of PM concentrations and 222Rn activity concentration was found to be similar.

5

Platforma pomiarowa do badania jakości działania lamp lotniskowych

45%

Suder J. , Maciejewski P. , Podbucki K. , Marciniak T. , Dąbrowski A.

Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

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2019

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tom R. 23, nr 2

5--13

PL

W artykule przedstawiono opracowaną platformę pomiarową do badania jakości działania lamp lotniskowych. Urządzenie zostało skonstruowane w formie przyczepy dostosowanej do ciągnięcia przez samochód służb lotniskowych. Czujniki pomiarowe zabudowano jako matryce umieszczone pod spodem platformy, pod osłoną z gumy. Praca systemu jest nadzorowana przez mikrokomputer. Wyniki badania można obserwować na wbudowanym ekranie a także, dzięki transmisji bezprzewodowej, za pomocą urządzenia mobilnego. Weryfikację poprawności działania urządzenia przeprowadzono zarówno w warunkach laboratoryjnych, jak i podczas testów na drodze startowej oraz drogach kołowania Portu Lotniczego Poznań-Ławica.

EN

The paper presents a developed measurement platform for testing the quality of airport lamps. The device was built in the form of a trailer for pulling through the airport service car. The sensor matrixes are placed under the platform under the rubber cover. The system’s operation is supervised by a microcomputer. The measurement results can be observed on the built-in screen, as well as, thanks to wireless transmission, by means of a mobile device. Verification of the correct operation of the device was carried out both in laboratory conditions and during tests on the runway and taxiways of the Poznań-Ławica Airport.