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EN
Neurotrophins are important regulators of neuronal function in the developing and adult brain. We studied expression of TrkB receptors in the postnatally (P) developing brain of the opossum (Monodelphis domestica). The Western blot analysis showed presence of the full-length catalytical isoform of TrkB and three truncated kinase-lacking isoforms in the opossum brain. Expression of the fulllength TrkB receptor was present in the newborn opossum, whereas truncated forms of TrkB receptors were almost undetectable at this period. The level of the full-length TrkB protein gradually increased with a developing opossum brain, reaching maximum at P12–20. The highest levels of expression of the full-length TrkB correspond to the time of cortical layers generation. The level of truncated TrkB rapidly increased at P20 and started to dominate since P35 (when opossums open eyes). Immunohistochemical staining for TrkB receptors showed that the majority of labeled neurons were placed in the olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum and various brainstem structures. Interestingly, TrkB receptors were predominantly expressed in neurons. Lack of TrkB receptors in glial cells, especially astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, provides the evidence that TrkB receptors can play functionally different role in marsupials than in eutherians. Supported by the NSC grant No 2011/01/B/NZ4/01575.
EN
This study describes the topography, borders and divisions of the globus pallidus in the Brazilian short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica) and distribution of the three calcium binding proteins, parvalbumin (PV), calbindin D-28k (CB) and calretinin (CR) in that nucleus. The globus pallidus of the opossum consists of medial and lateral parts that are visible with Nissl or Timm’s staining and also in PV and CR immunostained sections. Neurons of the globus pallidus expressing these proteins were classified into three types on the basis of size and shape of their soma and dendritic tree. Type 1 neurons had medium-sized fusiform soma with dendrites sprouting from the opposite poles. Neurons of the type 2 had medium-to-large, multipolar soma with scarce, thin dendrites. Cell bodies of type 3 neurons were small and either ovoid or round. Immunostaining showed that the most numerous were neurons expressing PV that belonged to all three types. Density of the PV-immunopositive fibers and puncta correlated with the density of the PV-labeled neurons. Labeling for CB resulted mainly in the light staining of neuropil in both parts of the nucleus, while the CB-expressing cells (mainly of the type 2) were scarce and placed only along the border of the globus pallidus and putamen. Staining for calretinin resulted in labeling almost exclusively the immunoreactive puncta and fibers that were distributed with medium-to-high density throughout the nucleus. Close to the border of globus pallidus with the putamen these fibers (probably dendrites) were long, thin and varicous, while more medially bundles of thick, short and smooth fibers predominated. Single CR-ir neurons (all of the type 3) were scattered through the globus pallidus. Colocalization of two calcium binding proteins in one neuron was never observed. The CB-ir puncta (probably terminals of axons projecting to the nucleus) frequently formed basket-like structures around the PV-ir neurons. Therefore, the globus pallidus in the opossum, much as that in the rat, consists of a heterogeneous population of neurons, probably playing diversified functions.
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