Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Clinical anatomy and clinical significance of the cervical intervertebral foramen: a review

100%

Sioutas G. , Kapetanakis S.

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tom 75

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nr 2

EN

The aim of this paper is to summarise the knowledge about the anatomy of the cervical intervertebral foramen as a whole. Such reviews are rare in the literature. The intervertebral or neural foramen is the opening between the spinal canal and the extraspinal region. It is located between the vertebral pedicles at all spinal levels. A number of structures pass through the foramen: nerves, vessels and ligaments. We describe the bony borders and dimensions of the foramen, the adjacent ligaments, the arteries and veins passing through or neighbouring it, and the neural components. Many procedures are performed in the area of the cervical intervertebral foramen. Knowledge of the anatomy of the foramen is essential in order to operate to the area and to minimize iatrogenic injuries. (Folia Morphol 2016; 75, 2: 143–148)

2

Concurrent lumbosacral and sacrococcygeal fusion: a rare aetiology of low back pain and coccygodynia?

80%

Kapetanakis S. , Gkasdaris G. , Pavlidis P. , Givissis P.

Folia Morphologica

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2018

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tom 77

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nr 2

EN

Sacrum is a triangular bone placed in the base of the spine and formed by the synostosis of five sacral vertebrae (S1–S5). Its upper part is connected with the inferior surface of the body of L5 vertebra forming the lumbosacral joint, while its lower part is connected with the base of the coccyx forming the sacrococcygeal symphysis, an amphiarthrodial joint. The existence of four pairs of sacral foramina in both anterior and posterior surface of the sacrum is the most common anatomy. Nevertheless, supernumerary sacral foramina are possible to be created by the synostosis of lumbosacral joint or sacrococcygeal symphysis. We present a case of an osseous cadaveric specimen of the sacrum belonging to a 79-year-old Caucasian woman. A rare variation of the anatomy of the sacrum is reported; in which, the simultaneous fusion of the sacrum with both the L5 vertebra and the coccyx has created six pairs of sacral foramina. This variation should be taken into serious consideration, especially in the domain of radiology, neurosurgery, orthopaedics and spine surgery, because low back pain, coccygodynia and other neurological symptoms may emerge due to mechanical compression. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 2: 397–399)

3

A prefix brachial plexus with two trunks and one anterior cord

80%

Natsis K. , Piagkou M. , Totlis T. , Kapetanakis S.

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tom 79

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nr 2

EN

The brachial plexus presents a great variability in formation, division and branching pattern. Its variants are of immense importance during axillary and arm surgery and nerve blockade. The current case highlights a unilateral atypical formation of brachial plexus, the so called prefix, in which the C4 root contributed a large branch to the superior trunk and further anastomosis with the inferior trunk. Thus, the prefix or high brachial plexus consisted of a superior and inferior trunk and one anterior cord. Coexisting neural and arterial variations are also discussed in relation to the data literature. (Folia Morphol 2020; 79, 2: 402–406)

4

Anomalies of the inferior vena cava: a report of two cases and a short review of the literature

70%

Kapetanakis S. , Papadopoulos C. , Galani P. , Dimitrakopoulou G. , Fiska A.

Folia Morphologica

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2010

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tom 69

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nr 3

EN

The inferior vena cava, also known as the posterior vena cava, is the large vein that carries de-oxygenated blood from the lower half of the body into the right atrium of the heart. Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava result from the persistence of the embryonic venous system. The majority of cases are clinically silent and are diagnosed in routine dissection studies, in retroperitoneal surgeries, or through imaging for other reasons. Although these anomalies are rare, they are of great importance during operations in the abdominal area or in the treatment of thromboembolic diseases. We report two cases of double vena cava and left vena cava, respectively, and a short review of the relevant literature. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 3: 123–127)

5

Morphological approach of the sternal foramen: an anatomic study and a short review of the literature

70%

Gkantsinikoudis N. , Chaniotakis C. , Gkasdaris G. , Georgiou N. , Kapetanakis S.

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2017

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tom 76

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nr 3

EN

Background: The sternal foramen (SF) constitutes a specific anatomic defect in sternum, indicating an impaired fusion of ossificated segments, which occurs either in an anatomical part of the sternum or in sternal joints. The aim of this article is to provide baseline statistical data about the variations of the SF, to present a short review of the relevant literature and to compare results with other studies and populations. Materials and methods: We review relevant literature, and we present data obtained from skeletal samples of known population and sex. A total of 35 well-preserved dried sterna from the prefecture of Eastern Macedonia and Thrace, Greece, were selected: 20 men and 15 women with a mean age of 55 ± 6 years old. Measurements were made with a sliding calliper and photographic documentation. Results: The incidence of the SF in the 35 dried specimens was 14.2%, 4 men (20% of male sample) and 1 woman (6.6% of female sample) and 80% of sternal foramina were observed in male individuals. The SF was found in the sternum body (2 cases, 40% of foramina), in xiphoid process (2 cases, 40% of foramina) and in sternoxiphoidal junction (1 case, 20% of foramina). All of the sterna presented 1 single visible SF. Two anatomically unique cases were identified throughout these 5 sterna, both belonging in male subjects. Conclusions: The SF constitutes a relatively common variation with great radiological, clinical, and forensic significance. Presence of a SF with irregular bony margins complicates considerably radiological differential diagnosis. Awareness of this important anatomic variation is fundamental for clinicians and autopsy pathologists, in order to avoid severe fatal complications and elucidate the exact cause of death, respectively. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 3: 484–490)

6

A giant aneurysm of the internal carotid artery, which caused dysphagia: case study and short review of literature

70%

Vasileiadis I. , Kapetanakis S. , Fiska A. , Vasileiadis D. , Dimitriou T.

Folia Morphologica

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2010

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tom 69

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nr 4

EN

The retropharyngeal space is a virtual space behind the pharynx, which extends from the scull base to the level of the fourth thoracic vertebra. Many retropharyngeal masses can cause dysphagia or airway obstruction. We report the case of a 69 year-old woman with a much enlarged aneurysm in the extracranial portion of the left internal carotid, causing dysphagia, and a short review of the relevant literature. (Folia Morphol 2010; 69, 4: 267–270)