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Influence of separation from lambs and litter size on milk yield and milk composition in Koluda ewes

100%

Borys B. , Dymnicki E. , Sloniewska D. , Milerski M.

Roczniki Naukowe Polskiego Towarzystwa Zootechnicznego

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2014

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tom 10

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nr 2

EN

The research was carried out on 38 Kołuda ewes. Two trial milkings were done in June 2013 – the first in the 9th week of lactation, in the final suckling period, and the second in the 11th week of lactation, 14 days after weaning of lambs was complete. Thirty-eight ewes were chosen and randomly assigned to two groups, each consisting of 6 ewes rearing single lambs, 10 with twins and 3 with triplets. Before the first trial milking (I) the ewes were separated from their lambs for 12 hours. Half of the ewes were milked in the presence of lambs (group A) and the other half in the absence of lambs (group B). Samples of milk from the same ewes were taken during the commercial milking period, 2 weeks after the lambs had been weaned (second trial milking – I). There were no differences in milk yield or milk composition between ewes milked in the presence and absence of lambs. Milk of ewes milked 12h after separation from lambs had lower content of total solids (15.05 vs. 16.48 g/100 g, P≤0.01), protein (4.82 vs. 5.18 g/100 g, P≤0.01) and fat (4.84 vs. 6.05 g/100 g, P≤0.01) but higher content of lactose (5.02 vs. 4.78 g/100 g, P≤0.01) compared to milk from the same ewes 2 weeks after the lambs were weaned. The research showed a tendency in ewes rearing twins milked following separation from lambs to produce more milk, with higher content of total solids and fat but lower lactose content, in comparison to ewes rearing single lambs. Milk of ewes rearing triplet lambs did not differ from that of ewes rearing single and twin lambs, with one exception – milk of ewes rearing triplets had lower lactose content than the milk of ewes with single lambs.

PL

Badania przeprowadzono na 38 matkach owcy kołudzkiej. Dwa próbne doje owiec przeprowadzono w czerwcu 2013 roku – pierwszy w 9. tygodniu laktacji, w końcowym okresie karmienia jagniąt (12 godzin po odseparowaniu jagniąt od matek) oraz drugi w 11. tygodniu laktacji, 14 dni po odsadzeniu jagniąt od matek. Owce przydzielono losowo do dwóch grup, w każdej po 6 matek odchowujących pojedyncze jagnięta i 13 odchowujących bliźnięta i trojaczki. Połowa owiec była dojona bez obecności swojego potomstwa (grupa A), a pozostałe w obecności jagniąt (grupa B). Próby mleka od tych samych owiec pobrano również w okresie doju towarowego, po upływie dwóch tygodni od definitywnego odsadzenia jagniąt. Nie stwierdzono statystycznie potwierdzonych różnic w wydajności mleka i zawartości jego składników między owcami dojonymi w obecności lub bez obecności jagniąt. Mleko owiec dojonych 12 godzin po odseparowaniu jagniąt zawierało mniej suchej masy (15,05 vs. 16,48 g/100 g, P≤0,01), białka (4,82 vs. 5,18 g/100 g, P≤0,01) i tłuszczu (4,84 vs. 6,05 g/100 g, P≤0,01), ale więcej laktozy (5,02 vs. 4,78 g/100 g, P≤0,01) w porównaniu z mlekiem od tych samych owiec udojonym 2 tygodnie po odsadzeniu jagniąt. Matki odchowujące bliźnięta i dojone po odseparowaniu jagniąt miały wyższą wydajność mleka, suchej masy i tłuszczu, a niższą laktozy oraz niższy stosunek białko/tłuszcz w porównaniu z matkami odchowującymi jedynaki. W okresie po odsadzeniu jagniąt, u dojonych owiec odchowujących bliźnięta, w porównaniu z odchowującymi jedynaki, obserwowano tendencje do wyższej produkcji mleka, o wyższej zawartości suchej masy i tłuszczu, przy niższej zawartości laktozy i niższym stosunku białkowo-tłuszczowym. Mleko owiec odchowujących trojaczki nie różniło się od mleka matek odchowujących jedynaki, z wyjątkiem niższej zawartości laktozy.

2

Quality of mountain sheep milk used for the production of traditional cheeses

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Kawecka A. , Pasternak M. , Sloniewska D. , Miksza-Cybulska A. , Bagnicka E.

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2020

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tom 20

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nr 1

3

The effects of diet supplementation with yeast on the expression of selected immune system genes in the milk somatic cells of dairy goats

63%

Jarczak J. , Kosciuczuk E. , Ostrowska M. , Lisowski P. , Strzalkowska N. , Jozwik A. , Krzyzewski J. , Zwierzchowski L. , Sloniewska D. , Bagnicka E.

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nr 1

EN

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of diet supplementation with active yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on the expression of selected immune system genes in goat milk somatic cells (MSC) and on milk production traits. Eighteen dairy goats were divided by breed and parity into two groups: control (n = 9) and supplemented (n = 9). Each group consisted of 5 Polish White Improved (PWI) and 4 Polish Fawn Improved (PFI) goats. Four goats (2 PWI and 2 PFI) were in their second lactation and five (3 WPI and 2 PFI) in more than second lactation. Beginning from a week before expected kidding, supplemented does were fed 10g yeast/day/goat until 100 day post-partum, after which the dose was increased to 20g/day/goat. On day 7, 30, 80, 120 and 240 of lactation milk samples were collected and used to SC isolation, microbiological analysis and to determine the physico-chemical composition of milk. Total RNA was isolated from SC and expressions of β1-defensin, β2-defensin, bactenecin 7.5, bactenecin 5, hepcidin and lyzozyme genes were measured with qRT-PCR using cyclophilin A (PPM) as a reference gene.Supplementation with yeast did not affect milk yield and composition (P>0.05). Genes encoding β2-defensin, bactenecin 7.5 and hepcidin were influenced by yeast diet supplementation resulting in their increased expression in MSC (P<0.05) regardless of the amount of supplement. The environmental bacteria did not affect the level of gene transcripts. However, the presence of β2-defensin, bactenecin 5 and 7.5, hepcidin and lysozyme transcripts in milk cells derived from pathogen-free udders proved their constitutive expression. The expression of β1-defensin gene was not found indicating that it is not constitutively expressed in milk cells and does not participate in the defense of the udder against environmental bacteria. These findings support that β2-defensin, bactenecin 5, bactenecin 7.5 and hepcidin may play a role in maintaining the health of the goat mammary gland.

4

The effect of feeding linseed cake on milk yield and milk fatty acid profile in goats

51%

Jozwik A. , Strzalkowska N. , Bagnicka E. , Lagodzinski Z. , Pyzel B. , Chylinski W. , Czajkowska A. , Grzybek W. , Sloniewska D. , Krzyzewski J. , Horbanczuk J. O.

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tom 28

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nr 3

EN

The study aimed at determining the effect of supplementation the diet with linseed on milk yield and milk fatty acids profile in the middle stage of lactation of goats. Used were 16 Polish Fawn Improved goats divided into two groups: (1) fed the standard diet without supplementation (control) and (2) fed the diet supplemented with linseed cake (19.9% of diets’ total dry matter). Both diets were balanced according to INRA feeding standards and offered from week 12 to 17 of goats’ lactation. Milk samples were taken twice: two weeks after the beginning and then at the end of supplementing the diet with linseed cake. The linseed cake led to increase in milk yield and to favourable changes in fatty acids profile (the share of MUFA increased and of SFA decreased). Moreover, CLA kontent of milk significantly increased (ca. 10-fold) after linseed cake supplementation, whereas the concentration of undesirable SFA (especially C12 to C16) dropped significantly (almost 2-fold).