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EN
The aim of this article is to present the contents and accents of anonymously published Prague print Alphabetum Boëmicum (1718 in K. F. Rosenmüller’s publishing house). The book is written in Latin and provides the summarization of the traditional Czech orthography of Bohemian and Moravian printers of the 16th–19th century. The author of Alphabetum relies on the authority of Venceslaus Joannes Rosa’s grammar of Czech (1672). His practical handbook contains special orthographical rules (‘licentia scribentium’) for the scriveners in Czech – in the history of Czech language this is to be regarded as a rare testimony of the reflection of the distinction between the orthography for printers and that for scriveners.
EN
The first and second parts of the study present a short overview of research in Cassian’s biography and works. In 2012 P. Tzamalikos published his edition of a Greek text by Cassian and proposed a hypothesis about its author writing in Greek in the 6th century. Taking into account the first responses to the hypothesis (by A. Casiday and C. Stewart), the study recapitulates the research in Cassian’s biography with its lacunae and many hardly traceable details. In this regard, “reading Cassian” means looking for his place in the Christian and cultural history. The third part recalls usual reading of Cassian’s texts, especially doctrinal themes connected with the so-called Semipelagianism. The fourth part deals with reading the Bible. Close reading of Cassian’s Collatio 14 makes us to correct or develop our approach to the theory of four senses of Scripture presented here: it should not be seen as a mechanistic way of explaining every place in the Bible by everyone. Cassian insists on the fundamental relation between the ability to grasp the deeper senses of Scripture and the internal life of a reader. Then the senses need time to mature like some old wine. We read Cassian’s words as a call for multifold personal meditation, the first step of public/ecclesiastic exegesis that will follow after years of repeated reading and ascetic experience.
EN
This text benefits from the work on the digital treatment of a Prague edition of Hadrianus Junius’ nomenclator (1586). (1) The popular nomenclator (“Remembrancer” in the English 1585 edition), written by the Dutch humanist Junius and usually published in eight European languages, was printed at this time as trilinguis (Latin, German and Czech), but the “Latin” part also included Greek words and many other examples in different languages. This was not signaled by the usual typographical means (Daniel Adam’s publishing house did not use either the Greek alphabet or different letter styles for the explicated words and for explications of their meanings) and could have negatively influenced the intended use of the book at schools. The Prague edition was based on the second (1577) or third (1583) edition published by Christophe Plantin. (2) The nomenclator 1586 has pages with a two-column layout. Such a limited space predetermined the selection of certain orthographical variants in Czech equivalents, usually interpreted as phonologic variants. Similar phenomena are to be found in the narrow marginal notes or in the layout with narrow lines made of larger letters. (3) The last part of the text attempts to define special means and ways of orthographic compression and dilatation in the Czech prints of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
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