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2 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica

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Gwarancje prawa do realnej wartości świadczeń w systemie zabezpieczenia społecznego

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Nerka A. , Społeczna Akademia Nauk; Wydział Nauk Społecznych i Humanistycznych; Katedra Nauk Prawnych

2011

tom 259

The subject of this study is to analyze the legal arrangements for indexation of social security benefits. Now indexation is a legal and economic formal adjustment mechanism specified by the law, aimed at maintaining the real value of cash benefits performed annually and based on inflation rate, less frequently on the rate of payroll. It is provided for all the entitled persons and has a rather broad scope, including the provision of short and long term benefits. The paper provides the analysis of the nature of rights to indexation of cash benefits taking into account their legal guarantees. Functions of indexation affect the universality of its application, which entails significant financial implications for the state budget. Thus, the aim of this paper is also to discuss the issue of financing indexation.

Problematyka stosowania art. 358[1] § 3 k.c. w ubezpieczeniu osobowym

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Nerka A. , Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego; Katedra Prawa Prywatnego

2010

tom 244

The article analyses the admissibility of the court revaluation of payments made under personal insurance with respect to judicial practice and scientific opinions. Article 358 1 § 3 of the Civil Code 1 allows a court of law to intervene in a contract or issue a relevant ruling, if the purchasing power of the currency changed significantly after the contractual obligation arose. To this end, a court of law has to assess the „significance” of the change and specify the measure to be used for revaluing a claim, if necessary. Besides, it should weigh the interest of both parties in each case, respecting the principles of community life. Within the area of insurance relations, court revaluation aims to compensate for inflation (deflation), thus protecting the interests of both contractual parties. The contractual parties in the insurance industry are insurance companies specialised in selling insurance policies on a mass scale and consumers, i.e. individuals in need of special protection. Court practice allows the revaluation of payments made under personal insurance (especially dowry insurance and deferred annuities). The admissibility of revaluing payments that have already been made and of multiple revaluations raises some doubts, though.