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1 Journal of Ecological Engineering

1 2024

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Study of the Relationship Between Evaporation, Soil Water De cit, and Air Temperature in Arid Regions (Case of the Touggourt Zone)

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Bennamia M. M. , Boutoutaou D. , Saggai S. , Gheriani S. , El Fergougui M.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2024

tom Vol. 25, nr 9

101--115

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate soil evaporation in arid regions using a minimal set of readily accessible parameters, which are represented through a nomogram. This work explores the relationships between soil evaporation, soil water deficit, and air temperature. Evaporation is a critical factor influencing the soil water regime. Irrigation artificially adjusts soil moisture to maintain it within optimal limits for vegetation. This regulation can only be effectively managed if the principles of soil-water balance are thoroughly understood. In arid and semi-arid regions, where water quality is often poor (high salinity), prolonged excessive irrigation can lead to soil salinization, thereby reducing agricultural productivity. In this study, ten lysimeters were used to measure soil evaporation at different levels of soil water saturation. The highest evaporation rate was recorded in fully saturated soil, peaking at 548 mm. This rate decreased as the soil water saturation decreased. Therefore, a good knowledge of the evaporation value is necessary to establish appropriate irrigation and soil leaching rates and consequently, an adequate water balance.