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2004
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tom 13
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nr 2
EN
This paper presents results of research regarding concentration levels of selected pollutants in samples of roof runoff waters from buildings. The concentrations of the following analytes were marked: organonitrogen, organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides, the cations: Na+, K+, NH4+, Mg2+, Ca2 and the anions: F-, Br-, Cl-, NO2-, NO3-, PO43-, SO42-, furthermore, measurements of conductance and pH value were performed. Samples were collected in several districts of the city of Gdańsk (Karczemki, Osowa, Przymorze) with old and modern-type buildings with various types of roofing. Catchings were taken over a period of 6 months, always during rainfall. The results obtained allowed us to assess the presence and concentration of the given analytes contained in roof runoff waters from buildings, and so, their contribution to the general pollution of runoff waters. A correlation between the type of roofing and the level of concentration of particular analyte groups was noted, which shows that the materials that roofs are made from (as surfaces and as materials) can be an additional factor influencing the pollution of waters running off them.
EN
The influence of roofing material on concentrations of pollutants in roof runoff waters and changes of pollution concentration in time were investigated. In field studies four roofing material types were taken into consideration: ceramic tile, bituminous membrane, asbestos tile, and zinc sheeting. Samples were collected from November 2007 to March 2008. Anions, cations, metals, PAHs, pesticides, and PCBs were determined. The existence of the first flush phenomenon for most pollutants was confirmed, with concentrations up to two orders of magnitude higher in first flush compared to steady state conditions. Time trends of pollutant concentration changes were observed. Additionally, analysis of a series of samples collected from melting snow accumulated on the roof showed an increase of organic pollutant concentrations during thaw.
EN
The aim of this study was to present the effectiveness of the proposed sample preparation procedure coupled with the spectrophotometric technique for the determination of formaldehyde in saliva samples collected from heavy, moderate, and passive smokers. Formaldehyde levels were determined in saliva samples collected from smoking and non-smoking individuals. Formaldehyde was found in about 60% of the samples analyzed, with concentrations ranging from 0.31 to 94 μg/g. The results confirmed the significant effect of tobacco smoking on formaldehyde levels in saliva samples.
EN
The paper presents the results of determination of concentrations of chloride, sulfate, phosphate, ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium ions along with total nitrogen, pH and electrolytic conductivity for precipitation collected in nonindustrialized regions near Gdansk (Poland). A station used for the collection of samples of precipitation consisted of two substations, on of which was located in a deforested area (clearing), while the second was situated in a spruce forest. The samples were collected over a period of one year, from March 2, 1996 to February 1, 1997. Concentrations of chloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate and ammonium ions and of total nitrogen were determined spectrophotometrically. Sodium, potassium and calcium ions were determined using flame photometry while magnesium ions were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. pH and electrolytic conductivity of the samples were also measured.Keywords: deposition; precipitation; throughfall; sampling; analysis
EN
Our paper presents the results of determination of road runoff water pollutants. Samples of runoff waters were collected at six sites with high traffic intensity located along a major transportation route from the city of Reda to the city of Gdańsk, and at one site with low traffic intensity located in Reda. Sampling was carried out over a period of two months in the fall of 2000. Additional samples were collected in March 2001. The analytes determined in the samples included organochlorine, organonitrogen and organophosphorus pesticides, selected volatile organohalogen compounds, petroleum hydrocarbons, as well as selected anions and cations. Total organic carbon (TOC) was also determined. In the petroleum hydrocarbons group, the highest concentrations were recorded for methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE). Heptachlor epoxide and o, p'-DDE (DDT metabolite) were detected most often among the pesticides. Sulphate ions were found in all samples. Very high concentrations of sodium and chloride ions were measured in samples collected directly before the winter season. Overall, the results confirmed that road runoff waters are heavily polluted and their quality should be monitored.
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