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The role and use of speech gestures in discourse

100%

Campbell N.

tom Vol. 32, No. 4

803--814

This paper describes how a secondary level of discourse information can be processed in a speech signal for the automatic annotation of discourse progress and for producing an estimate of a speaker's participation status. In a semi-formal round-table meeting situation there is typically only one main speaker at any given moment, but several participants may be speaking simultaneously, expressing agreement (or otherwise), chatting, translating, etc., in addition to the main speaker.We are currently performing research into technology to process this `audio landscape' in order to detect the main speaker and to categorise the competing forms of speech in a given situation. Several speech gestures such as laughter, agreement, and feedback-responses can be recognised, isolated, and used to determine the progress of the meeting and the degrees and types of participation status among the members present. The technology exists to recognise these discourse events, but we still lack a model of their function in the mutual transfer of information through speech interaction.

The myxosporean parasitofauna of the Atlantic horse mackerel, Trachurus trachurus [L.] in the North-East Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

100%

Campbell N.

tom 50

nr 2

As part of a multidisciplinary stock identification study 1002 horse mackerel Trachurus trachurus (L.) from 12 sites in the North-East Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea were examined for the presence of myxosporean parasites, with the aim of identifying species that could be used as biological tags. Five species of myxosporean parasites were found. Examination of gall bladders revealed infections with Alataspora serenum, A. solomoni and an unidentified Kudoa sp., while Kudoa nova was found in the red muscles. The liver of a single fish was found to be infected with Myxobolus spinacwvatura. Infection with A. solomoni and M. spinacurvatura represents new host records. Kudoa sp. is likely to be a previously undescribed species. A. serenum, A. solomoni and K. nova are shown to be potentially useful tags for stock identification.