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Rozwój stosunków kapitalistycznych w rolnictwie indyjskim

100%

Liberda B.

Wieś i Rolnictwo

1982

nr 1-2

Investments in Human Capital and Savings of Polish Households

100%

Liberda B.

Ekonomista

2005

nr 4

429-447

Households' investments in human capital are approximated by the private spending on education and health care. The analysis is based on household budget survey (32 000 units). Households' spending on the creation of human capital in Poland is relatively high: 2 per cent of disposable income cover education expenses and 5.3 per cent is spent on health care. The analysis reveals that these investments depend on the income level and the family composition. Households finance one fifth of the total expenditure on education and around a half of the total spent on health care. To a high extent the volume of private investment on health care is enforced by the inadequate level of the public contribution while expenditure on education is motivated by the desire to speed up the civilizational advance.

Znaczenie reformy rolnej dla gospodarki indyjskiej

100%

Liberda B.

Wieś i Rolnictwo

1982

nr 4

Households' Saving Mobility in Poland

63%

Liberda B. , Peczkowski M.

Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo

2005

nr 17

28-42

In this paper we analyse the saving mobility of Polish households, e.g. the mobility of households between classes of different saving rates. The analysis is based on the household budget panel data of 3001 Polish households surveyed in the same month during four consecutive years. The panel sample group was selected by authors from 30 000 households surveyed by Polish Central Statistical Office each year. We apply the Markov mobility matrices. The long term ergodic structure of households with regard to saving rates is estimated. It illustrates the probability of a household to fall into one of the saving rates range. Our results show that during four consecutive years (1997-2000), one third of the households which saved less than 20% of the household disposable income remained in their class. In the class of households that saved more than 20% of the household disposable income half of the households kept these high saving rates. In the long term, the probability of falling into a group of households with lowest saving is 0.2. Groups falling into -20% to -5% and -5% to 5% saving rates would be the least numerous. The highest probability (0.3) was to get into a group that saved more than 20% of the household disposable income. It shows the tendency towards polarization of the households with regard to saving rates.

Determinanty oszczednosci i wzrostu gospodarczego w Polsce w odniesieniu do krajow OECD

51%

Liberda B. , Tokarski T.

Ekonomista

1999

nr 3

249-268

Oszczednosci w teoriach konsumpcji i wzrostu

50%

Liberda B.

Ekonomista

1996

nr 3

325-342

Oszczedzanie w gospodarce polskiej wedlug teorii cyklu zycia

44%

Liberda B.

Ekonomista

1997

nr 5-6

649-661