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High-frequency video capture and a computer program with frame-by-frame angle determination functionality as tools that support judging in artistic gymnastics

100%

Omorczyk J. , Nosiadek L. , Ambroży T. , Nosiadek A.

2015

tom Vol. 17, no. 3

85--93

Purpose: The main aim of this study was to verify the usefulness of selected simple methods of recording and fast biomechanical analysis performed by judges of artistic gymnastics in assessing a gymnast’s movement technique. Material and methods: The study participants comprised six artistic gymnastics judges, who assessed back handsprings using two methods: a real-time observation method and a frame-by-frame video analysis method. They also determined flexion angles of knee and hip joints using the computer program. Results: In the case of the real-time observation method, the judges gave a total of 5.8 error points with an arithmetic mean of 0.16 points for the flexion of the knee joints. In the high-speed video analysis method, the total amounted to 8.6 error points and the mean value amounted to 0.24 error points. For the excessive flexion of hip joints, the sum of the error values was 2.2 error points and the arithmetic mean was 0.06 error points during real-time observation. The sum obtained using frame-by-frame analysis method equaled 10.8 and the mean equaled 0.30 error points. Conclusions: Error values obtained through the frame-by-frame video analysis of movement technique were higher than those obtained through the real-time observation method. The judges were able to indicate the number of the frame in which the maximal joint flexion occurred with good accuracy. Using the real-time observation method as well as the high-speed video analysis performed without determining the exact angle for assessing movement technique were found to be insufficient tools for improving the quality of judging.

Evaluation of the repeatability of a sports technique using selected kinematics quantities based on the example of back handspring

75%

Omorczyk J. , Nosiadek L. , Puszczalowska-Lizis E. , Ambrozy T. , Mucha D. , Bujas P. , Mucha D.

tom 09

nr 3

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the changes that occur during a back handspring performed by artistic gymnastics competitors on the basis of selected biomechanical quantities. Material/Methods: The case study included five masterclass artistic gymnastics competitors. The activities were recorded at the frequency of 120 [Hz]. Using the SkillSpector computer software, selected biomechanical variables of the back handspring technique were analyzed. The coefficient of variation was used to evaluate the variability of movement, which, in turn, was used to describe the repeatability of the back handspring technique. Results: Kinematic analysis of the back handspring carried out with the recorded video material enables the qualitative evaluation of the repeatability of the sports technique. The position of the center of mass on the vertical axis determined at borderline points of phases in the back handspring technique was the quantity of highest repeatability. The lowest repeatability was observed in the absolute and relative (movement rhythm) durations of particular phases. Conclusions: It is possible to master the back handspring while maintaining full repeatability of some biomechanical quantities characterizing the movement technique. The assessment of movement repeatability in gymnastics requires further research, with the simultaneous analysis of various biomechanical quantities and a determination of the best methods of comparison.