Punch and Judy is a traditional form of puppet theatre widely known in the United Kingdom and certain other English-speaking countries. As part of the national culture for over 350 years it has featured in numerous works of art, particularly in literature of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Being generally less well-known beyond Britain, it may be problematic for readers encountering references to the show in English literature, such as the works of Dickens and Conrad. This paper provides an overview of the show, a short history and a description of certain aspects of historical and social change within the tradition.
Despite being produced and performed in 2000–2001, Projekt Terenowy Węgajty’s theatrical production Kalevala; fragmenty niepisane has received practically no academic attention in the study of Polish Theatre. This article seeks to partly redress this by examining the use of German, Russian and Ukrainian folk songs in the production. The article examines the work against the group’s earlier projects, which used a selection of Polish and European literature and music, as well as exploring the background behind the production and how songs from various cultures and languages were used to illustrate the Finnish epic. The article concludes by considering how effective the strategies were.
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