Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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EMERGING ADULTHOOD, SOLO LIVING AND CHANGES IN GENDER SUBJECTIVITY

100%

Kvapilová Bartošová M. , Fučík P.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2017

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tom 49

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nr 3

265 - 284

EN

The households of young adults can be viewed as a natural environment where gender role transformation models can be found. After experiencing gender specific socialisation in childhood and adolescence, men and women enter a stage in which this structure more or less reverts to universalising practical requirements. These include financial security, focus on careers, securing a home and providing for household duties. The context outlined above is addressed in the paper via selected theoretical arguments and the review of relevant theoretical and empirical literature. The objective is to theoretically justify the mechanisms or principles resulting from specific elements present in the lives of solo-livers that can logically impact specific elements of gender subjectivity.

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HOW DO TODAY´S CZECH ADULTS SPLIT THE HOUSEHOLD CHORES? ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOUR

100%

Chromková Manea B.-E. , Fučík P.

Sociológia (Sociology)

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2022

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tom 54

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nr 4

325 – 351

EN

Sociologists are often questioning the differences between gender roles/norms and actual behaviour in the adult population. The purpose of this paper is to explore to what extent attitudes toward gender roles correspond with adults’ participation in various domestic chores, pointing to the differences between men and women in general and within couples in the Czech Republic. We aim to find whether attitudes indicating gender roles equality are reflected in the real behaviour. Our findings indicate certain discrepancies between attitudes and behaviour. Although the attitudes expressed by the respondents appear to lead to more gender equality, their reflection in everyday life is weak. The inclination to equality in the answers to attitudinal questions did not significantly influence the equal distribution of unpaid domestic work, nor did it influence the difference between the works done by each partner in the couple. Furthermore, the results point to the fact that discrepancies do not differentiate by attained educational level (it is an argument against the status differentiation). It requires in further research to look at the factors that allow men and women to handle the demands specific for the different stages in their life.

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How to Select a Location and a Design of Measures on Land Drainage – A Case Study from the Czech Republic

70%

Zajíček A. , Hejduk T. , Sychra L. , Vybíral T. , Fučík P.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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tom Vol. 23, nr 4

43--57

EN

A new approach for sites prioritization and designing measures on land drainage was developed and tested on the 96.5 km2 Žejbro catchment (Czech Republic). The aim was to design an effective, mutually interconnected system of measures, on tiles, manholes, outlets as well as on ditches (s.c. main drainage facilities, MDF) that will increase water retention and storage in intensively farmed and tile-drained catchments and will reduce water pollution from subsurface non-point sources (drainage runoff). This approach consists of (I) selecting suitable sites using the Catchment Measures Need Index (CAMNI) method; (II) obtaining information on land drainage in the area of interest; (III) conducting a field survey and water quality monitoring; (IV) designing appropriate systems of measures; and (V) analysing the estimated costs of the proposed measures. Measures were proposed for fourteen sub-catchments that were selected based on the results of a CAMNI analysis and whether an MDF or a heavily modified stream is present. A total of 44 point measures, 62 areal measures, and 99 line measures were proposed. Implementation of these measures would reduce the load of N-NO3, a major pollutant from drainage runoff, by 44 tons per year (48%). From the financial point of view, these measures are not self-financing and the benefits do not cover the expected costs of their implementation and maintenance. However, these measures have a profound ecological and societal benefits which, when taken into account, make these measures suitable for implementation when (co-)financed from public budgets. Putting the presented approach into practice, for example, in the framework of complex land consolidations or by watershed management authorities, could significantly improve the condition and water regime of intensively drained agricultural landscapes.