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1
A new methods for searching optimal path on a raster plane including cost of direction changes
100%
Szlapczynski R.
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nr 3
EN
The article introduces a new algorithm for finding optimal routes on raster planes. Thismethod takes advantage of the new data structure and results in minimizing the number ofdirection changes within a route. It has linear time and space complexities and is sufficiently fast to perform real-time routing on the raster grids. Both the algorithm and itsdata structure are presented in detail in the paper. Possible applications of this methodare also discussed
2
Content available Fuzzy Collision Threat Parameters Area (FCTPA) – A New Display Proposal
100%
Szlapczynski R.
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tom Vol. 2, no. 4
359--362
EN
The paper introduces a visualization method that enables the navigator to estimate an encounter situation and choose collision avoidance manoeuvre if necessary. It is based on the CTPA method and offers new features: fuzzy sectors of forbidden speed and course values and the possibility to use any given ship domain. The method is fast enough to be applied in the real-time decision-support system.
3
Evolutionary approach to ship's trajectory planning within Traffic Separation Schemes
100%
Szlapczynski R.
Polish Maritime Research
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2012
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tom 19
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nr 1
EN
The paper presents the continuation of the author’s research on evolutionary approach to ship trajectory planning. While the general problem of the evolutionary trajectory planning has already been solved, no one has yet touched one of its specific aspects: evolutionary trajectory planning within Traffic Separation Schemes. Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) is a traffic-management route-system complying with rules of the International Maritime Organization. In brief, the ships navigating within a TSS all sail in the direction assigned to a particular traffic lane or they cross at a course angle as close to 90 degrees as possible. This and other TSS rules largely affect the evolutionary method. The paper presents a proposal of the extended evolutionary method, with a focus on changes that have to be made to obey TSS rules, especially the changes in the phases of evaluation and specialised operators of the evolutionary cycle
4
Framework of an evolutionary multi-objective optimisation method for planning a safe trajectory for a marine autonomous surface ship
63%
Szlapczynski R. , Ghaemi H.
Polish Maritime Research
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2019
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tom 26
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nr 4
EN
This paper represents the first stage of research into a multi-objective method of planning safe trajectories for marine autonomous surface ships (MASSs) involved in encounter situations. Our method applies an evolutionary multiobjective optimisation (EMO) approach to pursue three objectives: minimisation of the risk of collision, minimisation of fuel consumption due to collision avoidance manoeuvres, and minimisation of the extra time spent on collision avoidance manoeuvres. Until now, a fully multi-objective optimisation has not been applied to the real-time problem of planning safe trajectories; instead, this optimisation problem has usually been reduced to a single aggregated cost function covering all objectives. The aim is to develop a method of planning safe trajectories for MASSs that is able to simultaneously pursue the three abovementioned objectives, make decisions in real time and without interaction with a human operator, handle basic types of encounters (in open or restricted waters, and in good or restricted visibility) and guarantee compliance with the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. It should also be mentioned that optimisation of the system based on each criterion may occur at the cost of the others, so a reasonable balance is applied here by means of a configurable trade-off. This is done throughout the EMO process by means of modified Pareto dominance rules and by using a multi-criteria decision-making phase to filter the output Pareto set and choose the final solution
5
Content available Heuristic Method of Safe Manoeuvre Selection Based on Collision Threat Parameters Areas
63%
Szlapczynska J. , Szlapczynski R.
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
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2017
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tom Vol. 11, no. 4
591--596
EN
This paper is a continuation of papers dedicated to a radar-based CTPA (Collision Threat Parameters Area) display designed to support safe manoeuvre selection. The display visualizes all the ships in an encounter and presents situational overview from the own ship's point of view. It calculates and displays information on unsafe or unrealistic own ship's course & speed allowing a user to select a safe manoeuvre. So far only the manual selection was possible, thus the paper aims at presenting a heuristic approach towards the manoeuvre selection when using the display.
6
Supporting navigator's decisions by visualizing ship collision risk
63%
Szlapczynski R. , Smierzchalski R.
Polish Maritime Research
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2009
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tom 16
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nr 1
EN
The paper introduces a visualization method that enables the navigator to estimate an encounter situation and choose collision avoidance manoeuvre, if necessary. It is based on the Collision Threat Parameters Area method and offers new features: fuzzy sectors of forbidden speed and course values, the possibility to use any given ship domain and a new formula of collision risk assessment. All these elements result in a method, which enables the navigator to differentiate between varying levels of risk and to point out the direct threats. The method is fast enough to be applied in the real-time decision support system
7
A framework of a ship domain-based near-miss detection method using mamdani neuro-fuzzy classification
63%
Niksa-Rynkiewicz T. , Szlapczynski R.
Polish Maritime Research
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2018
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tom 25
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nr Special Issue S1
EN
Safety analysis of navigation over a given area may cover application of various risk measures for ship collisions. One of them is percentage of the so called near- miss situations (potential collision situations). In this article a method of automatic detection of such situations based on the data from Automatic Identification System (AIS), is proposed. The method utilizes input parameters such as: collision risk measure based on ship’s domain concept, relative speed between ships as well as their course difference. For classification of ships encounters, there is used a neuro-fuzzy network which estimates a degree of collision hazard on the basis of a set of rules. The worked out method makes it possibile to apply an arbitrary ship’s domain as well as to learn the classifier on the basis of opinions of experts interpreting the data from the AIS
8
Optimising rig design for sailing yachts with evolutionary multi-objective algorithm
51%
Pawlusik M. , Szlapczynski R. , Karczewski A.
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tom 27
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nr 4
9
Evolutionary multi–objective weather routing of sailboats
51%
Sobecka E. , Szlapczynski R. , Zyczkowski M.
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tom 27
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nr 3
10
Multi-objective weather routing of sailboats considering wave resistance
51%
Zyczkowski M. , Krata P. , Szlapczynski R.
Polish Maritime Research
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2018
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tom 25
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nr 1
EN
The article presents a method to determine the route of a sailing vessel with the aid of deterministic algorithms. The method assumes that the area in which the route is to be determined is limited and the basic input data comprise the wind vector and the speed characteristic of the vessel. Compared to previous works of the authors, the present article additionally takes into account the effect of sea waves with the resultant resistance increase on the vessel speed. This approach brings the proposed model closer to real behaviour of a sailing vessel. The result returned by the method is the sailing route, optimised based on the multi-criteria objective function. Along with the time criterion, this function also takes into account comfort of voyage and the number of performed turns. The developed method has been implemented as simulation application SaillingAssistance and experimentally verified
11
Towards improving optimised ship weather routing
45%
Vettor R. , Szlapczynska J. , Szlapczynski R. , Tycholiz W. , Soares C. G.
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tom 27
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nr 1
EN
The aim of the paper is to outline a project focussing on the development of a new type of ship weather routing solution with improved uncertainty handling, through better estimation of ship performance and responses to sea conditions. Ensemble forecasting is considered to take into account the uncertainty levels that are typical of operations in a stochastic environment. Increased accuracy of weather prediction is achieved through the assimilation of real-time data, measured by an on-board monitoring system. The proposed system will allow smooth integration of short-term Decision Support Systems for ship handling in dangerous or peculiar situations with long-term Decision Support Systems for weather routing. An appropriate user interface is also a critical part of the project and it will be implemented in a commercial Electronic Nautical Chart environment. A prototype of the full system will be installed and tested on a commercial vessel in regular operations and under real environmental conditions
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