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Na křižovatkách nerovností: gender, třída a rasa/etnicita

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Kolářová M.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

2008

tom 9

nr 2

1-10

This article focuses on the intersection of gender, class and racial/ethnic inequalities. The intersection theory draws on the feminist critique of traditional class theory and on the challenge to feminism posed by ethnic women. The article develops thinking about various configurations of the intersection of inequalities and addresses mainly the case of marginalized women. However, the argument goes that the intersection of gender, class and racial/ethnic inequalities is not just a matter for disadvantaged groups because it has an impact on all groups in various relations. Class, gender and race/ethnicity should be understood as interlocked systems of both disadvantage and privilege. The intersection of inequalities is an approach intertwined with the development of social movements (women’s, labour and civil rights movements) in the USA and Western Europe. The article looks at why the intersection theory elaborated in the West mainly in the 1990s has not been reflected in Czech gender studies. Is it possible to connect the study of gender in a post-communist East European country with the predominantly American intersection theory?

Climate change and the transition movement in Eastern Europe: the case of Czech permaculture

100%

Kolářová M.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

2020

tom 56

nr 3

363-386

This paper focuses on a grassroots community movement addressing climate change: the transnational Transition (Towns) movement. While this movement has mainly spread to Anglophone countries, it is almost entirely absent from Eastern Europe and the Czech Republic in particular. The aim of this paper is to explain why the Transition movement—a grassroots community initiative—has not been successfully adopted in the post-socialist Czech Republic, and why the issue of climate change has not become an important frame for the local permaculture movement which introduced the idea of Transition to the country. The paper presents an analysis of ideological frames and framing processes of the local movement. Reasons identified for the movement’s absence from the Czech Republic include the fact that it was largely overshadowed by the broader post-socialist transformation in Eastern Europe, that there was little public awareness of climate change and no real culture of community organising in the post-socialist period, and that a strong climate scepticism was promoted by Czech political elites. Other reasons relate to the ideological frames of the local permaculture movement, which is centred more on prognostic and mobilising frames, combined with a positive agenda and an emphasis on practical activities, and revolves around individualised strategies and frames in which permaculture and a nature religion (Anastasian spirituality) are linked to the concept of a ‘family homestead’. The research draws on in-depth interviews with permaculture practitioners, media analysis, the study of documents, and participant observation.

Od globálního sesterství k transnacionálnímu feminismu: výzvy ženskému hnutí ve formě kulturních odlišností a nerovností mezi ženami

100%

Kolářová M.

Gender, rovné příležitosti, výzkum (Gender, Equal Opportunities, Research)

2010

tom 11

nr 1

30-40

Transnational feminism has become a significant global actor in recent decades, but it is not unanimous. Imperial tendencies of western feminists to influence women in other cultures have already appeared in the history of the feminist movement. Criticism of white Euro-American feminism, especially in the form of global sisterhood, has reached a peak in the past three decades, especially in international fora. Anti-colonial feminists have complained about the racist and orientalist practices of American feminists. Black and latino women, Eastern European post-communist women, and Islamic feminists have voiced protest against the universalisation of feminism and western forms of emancipation. This article presents these challenges to the feminist movement and the recent shift to the concept of transnational feminism that includes intersectional analysis and transversal politics. The author argues that in the 1990s post-socialist feminists were critical of the West in the same way that third-world feminists have been. Today this problem is beginning to twist as the post-socialist feminists became the part of the dominant subject and they need to take into account the criticisms of marginalised women from developing countries.