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EN
Paper presents the studies veryfying the model of potential personality risk factors of lung cancer and coronary heart disease, in which the new questionnaire - Inventory of Personality Patterns as applied. On the basis of the theoretical model it was assumed that depresiveness may be concerned as a common risk factor for both diseases, but hostility is specific for coronary heart disease and submissiveness for lung cancer. The process of development of the inventory as well as analysis of its psychometric properties (factorial structure, intercorrelations of scales, their construct-oriented and criterion-related validity) were planned with the aim to verify hypotheses, based on the theoretical model. The findings obtained in the whole series of empirical studies do not allow to fully confirm the assumptions of the theoretical model as well as the validity of the new inventory. The most results generally supported the model, but some findings were in contradiction with theoretical expectations. In the discussion, the necessity of further studies, aimed on verification of the model of common and specific personality risk factors of lung cancer and coronary heart disease, was suggested.
EN
The reaction of marginal investors to the announcement of a surprise dividend increase has been measured. Although field research is performed on companies listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, the paper has important theoretical implications. Valuation theory gives many clues for the interpretation of changes in dividends. At the start of the literature review, the assumption of the irrelevance of dividends (to investment decisions) is described. This assumption is the basis for up-to-date valuation procedures leading to fundamental and fair market valuation of equity (shares). The paper is designed to verify whether the market value of stock is immune to the surprise announcement of a dividend increase. This study of the effect of a surprise dividend increase gives the chance to partially isolate such an event from dividend changes based on long-term expectations. The result of the research explicitly shows that a surprise dividend increase is on average welcomed by investors (an average abnormal return of 2.24% with an associated p-value of 0.001). Abnormal returns are realized by investors when there is a surprise increase in a dividend payout. The subsample of relatively high increases in a dividend payout enables investors to gain a 3.2% return on average. The results show that valuation models should be revised to take into account a possible impact of dividend changes on investors’ behavior.
EN
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of temperament and trauma considered as predictors of PTSD experienced under flood. Two samples were studied. In the first one composed of 384 subjects PTSD was assessed three and 15 months (N = 321) after flood. In the second sample (N = 378) PTSD was assessed two years after disaster and retrospectively few weeks after flood. For measuring PTSD the PTSD – Factorial Version Inventory constructed by the authors was administered. Apart from a total score the PTSD-F allows for assessing intrusion/hyperarousal (I/H) and avoidance/numbing (A/N). Three temperamental traits were selected for the purpose of this study – emotional reactivity, briskness and perseveration measured by the Formal Characteristics of Behavior – Temperament Inventory. Intensity of trauma was assessed via structured interview. For analyzing the data coefficients of correlation and hierarchical regression were introduced. It came out that the impact of temperament and trauma as predictors of PTSD is stronger for long-term PTSD. Several interactions between trauma and temperament were obtained. Trauma and emotional reactivity are the best predictors and this refers to the total score of PTSD as well as to the two basic factors – I/H and A/N.
PL
W 3-letnim doświadczeniu polowym badano wpływ nawożenia różnymi dawkami siarki siarczanowej i elementarnej na zawartość przyswajalnego magnezu w glebie, w dwóch poziomach: 0-40 i 40-80 cm. Dodatkowo badano wpływ nawożenia siarką na zawartość oraz pobranie magnezu przez rośliny: kapustę, cebulę i jęczmień jary, w dwóch fazach rozwoju. Nawożenie dawką 120 kg S·ha-1 spowodowało zmniejszenie zawartości przyswajalnego magnezu w glebie, w poziomie 0-40 i 40-80 cm, oraz magnezu ogółem w kapuście i jęczmieniu w fazie juwenilnej. Działanie siarki na zawartość i pobranie magnezu zależało od gatunku i fazy rozwojowej rośliny. Nawożenie siarką miało, na ogół, niewielki wpływ na zawartość magnezu w roślinach dojrzałych.
EN
In a three-year field experiment the influence of fertilization with different doses of sulphate and elementary sulphur on the content of available magnesium in soil layers at the depths of 0-40 and 40-80 cm was studied. Impact of fertilization with sulphur on the content and uptake of magnesium by plants (cabbage, onion and spring barley in two growth stages) was estimated in the studies. Fertilization with 120 kg S·ha-1 caused decrease in the content of available magnesium in soil at 0-40 and 40-80 cm depth. Decrease of total magnesium content was observed in cabbage and juvenile plants of spring barley. The influence of sulphur fertilization on the content and uptake of magnesium depended on the growth stage of crops. only slight influence of fertilization with sulphur on the content of magnesium in ripe crops was observed.
EN
W latach 2000-2002 przeprowadzono 3-letnie doświadczenie polowe, w Byszwaldzie, w pobliżu Lubawy. Eksperyment założono na glebie brunatnej, kwaśnej o składzie granulometrycznym piasku gliniastego mocnego. Celem badań było określenie wpływu wzrastających dawek siarki siarczanowej i elementarnej na zawartość wapnia i wielkość pobrania tego składnika przez kapustę, cebulę i jęczmień jary oraz na zawartość witaminy С i cukrów w kapuście i cebuli. Przez cały okres trwania doświadczenia dawki siarki siarczanowej (S-SO4) i elementarnej (S-S°) wynosiły: S, - 40, S2 - 80 i S3 - 120 kg·ha⁻¹. Roślinami testowanymi były kolejno: kapusta głowiasta, cebula zwyczajna i jęczmień jary. Rośliny badane były w dwóch fazach: juwenilnej i dojrzałości technologicznej. Wpływ siarki na zawartość wapnia w roślinach oraz jego wynos zależał od dawki i formy siarki oraz gatunku i fazy rozwojowej rośliny. Największy wzrost zawartości wapnia w cebuli dojrzalej konsumpcyjnie stwierdzono po zastosowaniu siarki elementarnej w największej dawce oraz siarki siarczanowej w najmniejszej ilości. Udział siarki w nawożeniu wpłynął na zwiększenie zawartości wapnia w ziarnie jęczmienia. Nawożenie siarką nie miało istotnego wpływu na zmiany za­wartości wapnia w kapuście w obu fazach rozwoju oraz w jęczmieniu jarym w fazie kłoszenia. Zastosowanie siarki powodowało na ogół obniżenie zawartości witaminy С oraz cukrów prostych i ogółem w kapuście i cebuli w odniesieniu do obiektu z samym NPK
PL
Three years field experiment was carried out at Byszwałd near Lubawa (north-eastern Poland) in years 2000-2002. The experiment was established on brown acid soil of loam granulometic composition. The study determined the? effect of improved doses of sulphate and elementary sulphur on calcium content and uptake by cabbage, onion and spring barley. The content of vitamin С and; sugars in cabbage and onion were also observed. During whole time of experi­ment the following doses of sulphate (S-S04) and elementary sulphur (S-S°) were applied: S, - 40, S2 - 80 and S3 - 120 kg·ha⁻¹. Tested plants in sequence were: cabbage, onion and spring barley. The plants were examined in two phases: juve­nile and technological maturity. The influence of sulphur on content calcium in plants as well as calcium uptake was dependent on doses, form of applied sulphur, species and phase of plant growth. Largest increase of calcium content in matured onion was stated after adding of maximum dose of elementary sulphur and minimum dose of sul­phate sulphur. Sulphur fertilization increased the content of calcium in barley grain. The sulphur fertilization did not significantly the calcium content in cab­bage at two development phases nor on earing phase of spring barley. Sulphur application as a rule decreased the contents of vitamin C, simple and total sugars in cabbage and onion in comparison to fertilization treatment with NPK only.
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