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Content available remote Montaż mikroinstalacji PV na gruncie
100%
PL
W artykule przedstawiono problematykę inwestycji w mikroinstalację PV zamontowaną na gruncie. Przeprowadzono analizę wad i zalet takiego rozwiązania z punktu widzenia aspektów prawnych oraz efektywności działania i wytycznych technicznych w zakresie systemów montażowych.
EN
The article presents the issue of the investment in ground-mounted micro PV systems. The advantages and disadvantages of such a solution have been analyzed from a legal point of view, taking into account operational efficiency and technical guidelines in the field of assembly systems.
EN
The article presents a comparison of results from a simulation of the energy production by a photovoltaic installation with a tracking system and a stationary PV farm in the PVSyst program. The analyzed 1 MW PV installations were located in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Energy production results obtained from the installation with a tracking system were compared with a stationary farm with panels placed at an angle of 20° and an azimuth 0°. The paper also presents the types of tracking systems and discusses the advantages of this solution and its risks compared to traditional panel mounting. The results obtained in the study indicated that the use of a tracking system increased the annual energy production compared to a stationary farm.
EN
Nowadays, more and more solar farms are being created in Poland. This is due to the development of PV technology, the appearance of more efficient systems on the market, but also the need for Poland to achieve a 50% share of energy production from zero-emission sources. In designing PV farms, an important issue is the selection of the right angle, but also the distance between individual rows of panels. The article shows the work analysis of the 1 MW PV farm consisting of 2000 units of 500 Wp panels with dimensions of 2220 mm x 1108 mm x 40 mm and a weight of 28.60 kg and 8 inverters SUN2000-105KTL-H1. The panels are arranged in 10 rows in two directions: south and south-west. The analysis was performed for the angles of 10°, 20°, 25° and 30°. The investigation was carried out in order to evaluate the effect of changing the angle of the panels and the distance between the rows on the PV farm efficiency.
EN
The work describes the components of efficiency in the form of energy, economic and ecological benefits and outlays in the life cycle, i.e. construction and operation of machinery, equipment and power systems, on the example of wind farms and the most important models useful in designing their construction and operation for increasing system safety in three areas: environment, technical system, and human health. Technical conditions (ideas, constructions and processes) necessary to increase the benefits and / or reduce energy, economic and ecological expenditure of the operation and the prospects for effective development of the global, European and national wind energy market are characterized. A preliminary analysis of the relations of operators, workpieces, live and artificial objects of the 2-MW wind farm environment was carried out, for the possibility of increasing the benefits and reduction of outlays as a result of compensating for the destructiveness of the system, the environment and man.
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71%
EN
Large PV installations are being built increasingly often in areas close to airports in Poland and around the world. These are not only roof installations but also large PV farms, allowing not only the supply of the energy for the airport itself but also the ability to sell the excess energy produced. The applied PV installations may cause in some cases negative impact in the form of e.g., electromagnetic fields and light reflections which may limit the visibility of pilots and air traffic controllers. The article presents an overview of various negative impacts of PV farms on the workings of an airport and the main factors influencing the occurrence of certain threats have been diagnosed. An assessment of the usefulness of the tool and method for simulation and the reduction of possible negative impacts is also presented.
PL
Ziarna ryżu rozdrobniono w młynie walcowym z płytą międzywalcową. Zbadano wpływ zmiennych parametrów roboczych (wielkość szczeliny między walcami, prędkość kątowa walców) na wartość wskaźnika zrównoważonej emisji CO₂. Zwiększenie szczeliny międzywalcowej powodowało zwiększenie wartości wskaźnika emisji, natomiast zwiększenie prędkości kątowej zmniejszało ten parametr. Na podstawie analizy regresji określono, że najkorzystniejszy bilans emisji CO₂ można uzyskać przy prędkości kątowej walców 218–235 rad/s i szerokości szczeliny powyżej 0,75 mm.
EN
Rice grains were comminuted in a mill using a variable size of the inter-roller gap and roller angular velocities. The impact of the variable operational parameters on the values of the sustainable CO₂ emission indicator was examd. The increase in the inter-roller gap resulted in an increase in the sustainable CO₂ emission indicator, while increase in the angular velocity decreased the emission index.
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