A review of the metabolic pathways and interaction with DNA of benzo(a)pyrene and some other carcinogens is presented. Consideration is given to the formation and persistens of adducts in relation to carcinogenic process.
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The effect of protocatechuic acid, tannic acid and trans-resveratrol on the activity of p-nitrophenol hydroxylase (PNPH), an enzymatic marker of CYP2E1, was examined in liver microsomes from acetone induced mice. trans-Resveratrol was found to be the most potent inhibitor (IC50 = 18.5 ± 0.4 mM) of PNPH, while protocatechuic acid had no effect on the enzyme activity. Tannic acid with IC50 = 29.6 ± 3.3 mM showed mixed- and trans-resveratrol competitive inhibition kinetics (Ki = 1 mM and 2.1 mM, respectively). Moreover, trans-resveratrol produced a NADPH-dependent loss of PNPH activity, suggesting mechanism-based CYP2E1 inactivation. These results indicate that trans-resveratrol and tannic acid may modulate cytochrome P450 2E1 and influence the metabolic activation of xenobiotics mediated by this P450 isoform.
The techniques applicable for identification and quantitation are critically reviewed. The review also present the data concerning an analysis of DNA adducts resulted from occupational exposure, tobacco smoking, diet and chemotherapy of tumors.
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