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Content available Utilising water wave energy – technology profile
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EN
The use of wave energy was studied at the Maritime University of Szczecin. The two main subjects were wave-energy conversion and using wave energy to protect the seashore against the hazardous effects of extreme waves. A construction of new technologies were outlined. Future research and intended cooperation were presented.
EN
Measures, which can be applicable for reliability importance analysis of components and groups of components in technical systems, have been shown. Selected qualitative measures (order of minimal cut set, numbers of occurrences i-th events in the fault tree, stream measure and Birnbaum's structural importance measure), and quantitative measures (Birnbaum's reliability importance, Vesely-Fussel's measure, The improvement potential reliability measure and Lambert's measure) have been described. Some of mathematical formulas (also approximations) have been pointed out. Estimation of selected importance values of system components (on the basis of complex technical system with multistate reliability and functional structure) has been done. As example system marine power plant system (main power plant sea water cooling system) installed on board offshore multi support vessel has been chosen. Analysis for two different operation i.e. operation during offshore project (operation with dynamic positioning of the vessel) and during sea passage, states has been performed. System for these two states has been modeled with fault tree structures. Particular importance rankings of system components have been shown in bar charts. Some conclusions of applied importance measures have been presented.
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tom no. 4
107--114
EN
The paper presents the application of simulation-based component importance measures for complex technical systems. A stern tube sealing system was installed on a sea vessel as an example of a complex technical system (CTS). Selected statistics of ship operation losses were generated as well as the following measures: the failure criticality index, the downing event criticality index, and the downtime criticality index. A need for further development of the importance analysis methods for machinery operation is exposed and the factors influencing the importance of the technical system components are presented.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia zastosowanie analizy ważności elementów opartej na symulacji w odniesieniu do złożonych systemów technicznych. Jako przykład złożonego systemu technicznego wykorzystano uszczelnienie pochwy wału śrubowego statku morskiego. Wyznaczono wybrane miary statystyczne związane z wyłączeniem statku z użytkowania oraz następujące miary: wskaźnik krytyczności liczby uszkodzeń, wskaźnik krytyczności liczby wyłączeń z użytkowania oraz wskaźnik krytyczności czasu wyłączenia z użytkowania. Przedstawiono potrzeby dalszego rozwoju metod analizy ważności w zastosowaniu dla maszyn i urządzeń. Wskazano czynniki oddziałujące na ważność elementów systemu technicznego.
PL
Scharakteryzowano podstawy analizy systemu technicznego metodą drzewa niezdatności w odniesieniu do siłowni okrętowej. Przedstawiono podstawy jakościowej i ilościowej analizy drzewa niezdatności, przytaczając wyznaczane podstawowe parametry oraz sposób ich szacowania wybranymi metodami.
EN
Basic principles of the fault tree analysis are discussed in reference with the marine power plant. The basics of qualitative and quantitative analysis of the fault tree are presented. Principal parameters being determined and the manner of their estimation by selected methods are given.
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PL
Na przykładzie systemu energetyczno-napędowego statku wspomagającego eksplorację dna morskiego dokonano symulacji niegotowości tego systemu. Analizę wykonano opierając się na drzewie niezdatności metodą aproksymacji kresu górnego i algorytmem dokładnej kalkulacji.
EN
The power-propulsion system of a ship exploring seabed was used for a simulation of the unavailability of the system. The analysis was performed on the basis of a fault tree by the upper limit approximation and with the use of the accurate calculation algorithm.
EN
Poland has a strong ambition to evolve rapidly into a knowledge-driven economy. Since 2004, it has been the largest beneficiary of European Union cohesion policy funds among all member states. Between 2007 and 2013, Poland was allocated approximately EUR 67 billion, whereas for 2014-2020 the EU budget earmarked EUR 82.5 billion for Polish cohesion policy. This means that in the coming years, Poland’s R&D intensity will grow. But the question remains: is 27 years of free market economy enough to enable a country’s economy to become knowledge-based ? This paper offers an analysis of Polish R&D expenditures and investments in terms of their sources (business, government or higher edu-cation sectors), types (European Union or state aid) and areas of support (infrastructure, education or innovation). It also characterises the Polish R&D market with its strengths and weaknesses. Then, it examines the process of technology transfer in Poland, comparing it to best practice. Finally, the paper lays out the barriers to effective commercialisation that need to be overcome, and attempts to answer the question raised in its title.
EN
Background. In case of natural hybridisation of fish it is important to determine whether the hybrids attain sexual maturity and whether they can produce generation F2. The hybrids of rudd and carp bream, relatively frequent under natural conditions, have not been studied in the aspect of sexual maturity attainment. Materials and Methods. Histological examinations of gonads of 4-5 year old rudd and carp bream hybrids were carried out in experimental environments during the pre-spawning and spawning seasons of the parental species. Results. In development of oocytes the female hybrids of rudd and carp bream reached the stage of migrating nucleus and deterioration of the morphological structure of the nucleus. In case of male hybrids the presence of spermatids was confirmed. The stage of spermatozoa was not observed in case of hybrids of rudd and bream. In case of the control species (rudd) that stage was also not observed. It is possible that the lack of that stage was affected by the parameters of the culture environment. Nevertheless, the sexual products of male hybrids of rudd and bream as well as rudd were deposited. Conclusion. The studies show that the hybrids of rudd and carp bream may reach sexual maturity in the natural environments.
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