One of the roles that school plays is to introduce values that are meaningful and that present a measure for human activity; not only practical values of the cognitive world but also spiritual values, however the Framework Educational Programme for Basic Education is aimed at those values that are “generally accepted by the society”, i. e. pragmatic values. Leading thinkers advert to a crisis of values and claim that spiritual values disappear from the lives of individuals as well from the society. They seek ways to prevent this tendency.
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The paper builds on the criticism of students in teacher education programmes who call for greater emphasis on practice. The relationship between theory and practice is ancient issue, but it still holds currency today. Key terms are defined and its philosophical background is explained. Different approaches to the relationship between theory and practice are introduced that were formulated in the history of pedagogy; special emphasis is laid on the perspective of the theory of education. Based on the review of these different approaches, the connection of theory and practice in teacher education is discussed. Towards the end, a modern conception of teacher education is proposed.
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