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Określenie wieku zabytków architektury z Pomorza Wschodniego przy zastosowaniu metody dendrochronologicznej

100%

Ważny T.

nr 4

354-359

The dendrochronological method is the most precise way of delimiting the age of wood in historical objects. One of its applications are architecture studies. The article presents possible uses dendrochronology in this field, methods of collections samples from wooden constructions, as well as the general assumption of annual rings analysis and wood dating. The article discusses the results of the dendrochronological analysis applied to two buildings in Eastern Pomerania: the arcaded house in Gdańsk-Lipce and St Peter and Paul's church in Puck. The skeleton construction of the oldest of arcaded houses in Żuławy was dated to 1572. The age of oak tree pillars in the tower of the church in Puck was estimated at 1409. Further results of the dendrochronological analysis applied to Pomerania architecture will soon be presented.

Gatunki drewna stosowane w ikonach karpackich

63%

Kosiorek A. , Ważny T.

1997

nr 3

315-320

The Carpathian icons constitute a group of works of sacral art which occur both in south-eastern Poland and in Slovakia, Rumania and Ukraine. They are painted primarily on a wooden base. Owing to the fact that there are no detailed studies on the subject of the used types of wood, the authors examined thirty nine precisely dated icons executed on coniferous wood as well as few examples on leafy wood. Thirty icons were painted on fir, five on spruce, and four on a pine foundation. These icons are to be found in museum collections in southern Poland — the National Museum in Krakow (the Szolayski House Department), the National Museum of the Przemyśl Region in Przemyśl, the Regional Museum in Nowy Sącz and the Castle Museum in Łańcut. The oldest object is dated 1621 and the newest — 1902. A chronological comparison of results presented in a table makes it possible to observe the absence of differences between types of wood employed in the seventeenth and eighteenth century. The outcome of research distinctly suggests the universal usage of fir. This finding confirms the initial assumption that the artists employed easiest accessible material from the local forests. The authors also analysed methods of preparing boards: the most frequently used was an intermediate type, between the osculating and radial varieties which includes an arrangement of rings both osculating and radial; such boards are preserved in a relatively good state.

Instrumentalna metoda oznaczania skuteczności środków ochrony drewna przed pleśnieniem

51%

Ważny J. , Krajewski K. J. , Rudniewski P. , Ważny T.

nr 4

260-269

The conducted research concerned the preparation of an instrumental method for the measurement of the fungitoxic value of wood preservatives against mould which could replace the heretofore applied subjective visual method. The measurement of light reflection with Zeiss photometres (Leukometers) and Zeiss Spekol 10 spectrometers with the Rd/0 reflectance adapter was treated as a new criterion of effectiveness. The method was tested on two fungicides: natrium pentochlorophenate and the WR-3 quoternary ammonium compound, used on samples of pine and birch wood. The results obtained with the method were better than those in the case of the visual method, albeit proved to be more time consuming. The proposed method appears to be useful for the elimination of subjective difficulties in the estimation of mould growth on the surface of the given wood, and hence for the estimation of the effectiveness of wood preservatives.