Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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„Okupacja” Pomorza. Wybrane aspekty wojskowej rewindykacji ziemi pomorskiej w 1920 roku w polskiej perspektywie

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tom 31

117-145

EN

Although the Republic of Poland formally regained its independence in November 1918, this was only the beginning of the efforts and struggles for the final shape of its borders. Pomerania was one of the areas that remained part of the German Reich for over a year. Most of this region before the partitions, as Royal Prussia, remained under the sovereign power of the Polish king. As a result of the Paris Peace Conference, convened after the end of the Great War, part of this area was granted to the Republic. The incorporation of the lands granted to Poland by the Treaty of Versailles (including part of Pomerania) in early 1920 was officially referred to as „occupation”. The meaning of the term was different at the time. It was characterized by much less pejorative connotations than it was established during the subsequent World War II. This article presents the preparations for the above-mentioned „occupation”, the projects for its introduction and the circumstances of the course of action. Particular attention has been paid to selected aspects, especially the reactions of the civilian population (Polish and German) to the presence in Pomerania of Polish troops, that occupied the designated areas according to the established plan, although not entirely in a bloodless manner. The then-understanding of the term „occupation” was characterized separately. The selection of the problems discussed in the article results from the fact that they are not – contrary to appearances – widely known, although such a view may be provided by the already numerous literature on the recovery of Pomerania.

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Miasto i twierdza Grudziądz w rosyjskiej Военнoй энциклопедии z 1912 roku

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tom 24

215-224

EN

The article aims to provide the description of the city and fortress that was presented in an extensive encyclopedia entry “Грауденцъ” (Grudziądz) in the Volume 8 of Военная энциклопедия (“Encyklopedia wojskowa”), published in 1912 in Pe-tersburg. “Военная энциклопедия” was issued between 1911–1915 and remained unfinished due to the Great War and October Revolution (1917). The initiator of the encyclopedia was Василий Фёдорович Новицкий, the then Colonel of the General Staff of the Russian Empire. The books were issued by his publishing company Иван Д. Сытин. The Volume 8 of the encyclopedia, containing the entry “Грауденцъ” at the pages 456–457, was edited by General К.И. Величко, Colonel В.Ф. Новицкаго, Colonel А.В. фонъ-Шварца, Colonel В.А. Апушкина and Captain 2nd rank Г.К. фонъ-Шульца. The entries of that volume cover “Г” (“G”) and “Д” (“D”), in accordance with the Russian alphabet. The description of the city of Grudziądz included in the entry was relatively short. The authors of the volume dedicated some space to the blockade and siege of 1807, as the events were directly linked with the fortress (a later citadel of the whole defensive complex). The greatest attention was paid to the presentation of the defensive buildings. One must take into consideration the fact that the Vol-ume 8 was published two years before the outbreak of the Great War, so naturally the description can’t have covered the yet non-existent fortifications, built as a result of mobilization enlargement of the fortress. The entry is equipped with the bibliography. The main part of the article presents the translation of the entry. As the text indicates, the Grudziądz fortress, as many others, was hardly a secret to Russians, whose agents regularly gathered information. In certain instances the text is peculiarly detailed. Obviously, not all information possessed by Russians were accurate and true. Nevertheless, such a detailed knowledge of German fortresses at lower Vistula surely influenced the decisions of the Russian staff in the first months of the Great War. The article is complemented by two original figures which were added to the encyclopedia entry. The figures depict the city location in relation to other cities in the region as well as schematic location of the defensive buildings.

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Ksiądz Franciszek Szynkowski (1879–1945), grudziądzanin, proboszcz w Niezabyszewie

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2020

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tom 28

269-276

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Nabytki Muzeum im. ks. dr. Władysława Łęgi w Grudziądzu z lat 2004–2019 – w 135. rocznicę powstania instytucji

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2020

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tom 28

355-376

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Rocznik Grudziądzki. Dzieje periodyku (1960–2022)

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tom 30

285-300

EN

Rocznik Grudziądzki is a regional scientific journal of an interdisciplinary nature. The journal has a long tradition. The first volume was published in 1960. During the 62 years of its existence, a total of 30 volumes have been published. The wide thematic scope of Rocznik Grudziądzki entails the publication of texts from many different scientific disciplines – history, archaeology, art history or ethnology. In accordance with the established convention, each volume primarily approaches local history from different angles, therefore, the texts concern Grudziądz, the area of Chełmno Land and its surroundings, only exceptionally referring to further away areas. As a result, the position of Rocznik Grudziądzki as a local journal is very strong in the region. It should be noted that from the very beginning the journal has had a scientific character, and its establishment was a great contribution to the development of historiography – a breakthrough in the study of the history of Grudziądz. Since 2012, Rocznik Grudziądzki has been included in the list of highly ranked journals of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (now the Ministry of Education and Science). The journal is also indexed in several scientific platforms and databases internationally. Rocznik Grudziądzki is also of great interest to non-professional researchers and other groups of readers. Therefore, the journal also plays an important role of not only disseminating, but also popularising the results of research into the broadly understood history of the town.

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Grzegorz Podruczny, „Król i jego twierdze. Fryderyk Wielki i pruskie fortyfikacje stałe w latach 1740–1786”, Napoleon V, Oświęcim 2013, ss. 427

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nr 2