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Molar morphology and occlusion of the Early Jurassic mammalia form Erythrotherium parringtoni

100%

Jager K. R. K. , Gill P. G. , Martin T. , Corfe I. J.

tom 67

nr 4

Ankle structure in Eocene pholidotan mammal Eomanis krebsi and its taxonomic implications

100%

Horovitz I. , Storch G. , Martin T.

nr 3

Georges Cuvier (1798) established the classical concept of Edentata which included sloths, anteaters, armadillos, aardvarks, and pangolins. With the growing body of comparative morphological data becoming available during the nineteenth century, it was evident that Cuvier's “Edentata” was an artificial group (e.g., Huxley 1872). In his classical textbook, Weber (1904) excluded aardvarks and pangolins from the Edentata and put them in separate orders, Tubulidentata and Pholidota. Later on, fossil taxa were repeatedly added to and removed from Edentata, such as various xenarthran groups, taeniodonts, palaeanodonts, and gondwanatheres, but the South American Xenarthra always was considered as their core group. Even the living order Pholidota has been cited again as ?Edentata incertae sedis many years after Weber’s work (Romer 1966). The validity and extent of a higher taxon Edentata are still in dispute. In this discussion, the Middle Eocene pholidotan Eomanis and the putative xenarthran Eurotamandua from Grube Messel near Darmstadt (Germany) play an important role (Storch 1978, 1981, 2003; Rose and Emry 1993; Gaudin and Branham 1998; Rose 1999). Eomanis krebsi and Eurotamandua joresi have been subject to some discussion regarding their taxonomic distinction. It has been suggested that the only specimen known of Eo. krebsi might actually be a juvenile representative of the senior species E. joresi. A reexamination of the type specimen of Eo. krebsi has yielded some new observations regarding the identity of some of its ankle elements. An element that was previously identified as a navicular, is here reidentified as a partial distal tibia, whereas a partially exposed calcaneus had gone unnoticed. These two elements display several differences in morphology between Eo. krebsi and E. joresi, indicating that these are in fact distinct species.

First spalacotheriid and dryolestid mammals from the Cretaceous of Germany

88%

Martin T. , Averianov A. O. , Schultz J. A. , Shellhorn R. , Schwermann A. H.

nr 1

Smart device assisted method for rod length and rod radius measurement in percutaneous pedicle screw surgery

88%

Alk A. , Martin T. , Bassey-Neef J. , Berger J. , Kozak J.

Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

2016

tom R. 92, nr 3

30--33

In a percutaneous pedicle screw surgery the surgeon is faced with huge challenges because he has no direct view on the operating field. The screw positions and the required rod dimensions for the stabilizing connection are hard to define. In this paper a new method for a percutaneous pedicle screw surgery is described to record the positions of three pedicle screws with help of a mobile localizing system with passive markers and a tablet computer. The presented system calculates the required rod length and rod radius. The procedure is more convenient than mechanical measuring systems and it works without radiation load of the patient. The system is tested with an in-vitro test arrangement and first results are very promising with an accuracy of ±2 mm for the rod length.

Dużym problemem dla chirurgów w zabiegach nieinwazyjnej chirurgii śrub pedikularnych jest brak oglądu na pole operacyjne. Z tego powodu określenie pozycji poszczególnych śrub oraz wymaganej długość prętu stabilizacyjnego może nastręczać trudności. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano nową metodę rejestracji pozycji śrub pedikularnych z wykorzystaniem pasywnych markerów optycznych, mobilnego systemu nawigacyjnego, oraz tabletu. Zaprezentowane rozwiązanie pozwala na obliczenie wymaganej długości oraz krzywizny pręta pedikularnego. Opisywana metoda jest wygodniejsza niż pomiar z wykorzystaniem systemów mechanicznych oraz nie wymaga naświetlenia pacjenta promieniowaniem rentgenowskim. Testy metody przeprowadzone w środowisku in-vitro wykazały dokładność pomiaru długości pręta stabilizacyjnego na poziomie ±2 mm co wydaje się być bardzo obiecującym rezultatem.