Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Screw holding performance in WPC composites

100%

Borysiuk P. , Auriga A. , Auriga R.

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tom No. 113

43--52

EN

Screw holding performance in WPC composites. In this research effort, the impact of fillers’ composition on wood-plastic composites (WPC) made of poly (lactic acid) PLA was tested. The composites varied in filler type (bark, sawdust) and its content in the boards (40, 50, 60%). The composites were manufactured in a two-stage process consisting of extrusion and flat pressing. Analogically prepared HDPE boards were a reference. Composites were tested for density, density profile, and screw-holding ability. Boards based on PLA performed better screw-holding ability than HDPE. The greatest influence was exerted by the share of matrix/filler. An increase in the content of lignocellulosic particles from 40 to 60% (regardless of the type of matrix: PLA or HDPE) generally reduced screw-holding ability. The type of filler (sawdust, bark) was almost 3 times more important in the case of HDPE boards compared to PLA boards.

2

An attempt to use „Tetra Pak” waste material in particleboard technology

100%

Auriga R. , Borysiuk P. , Auriga A.

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tom No. 114

70--75

EN

An attempt to use „Tetra Pak” waste material in particleboard technology. The study investigates the effect of addition Tetra Pak waste material in the core layer on physical and mechanical properties of chipboard. Three-layer chipboards with a thickness of 16 mm and a density of 650 kg / m3 were manufactured. The share of Tetra Pak waste material in the boards was varied: 0%, 5%, 10% and 25%. The density profile was measured to determine the impact of Tetra Pak share on the density distribution. In addition, the manufactured boards were tested for strength (MOR, MOE, IB), thickness swelling and water absorption after immersion in water for 2 and 24 hours. The tests revealed that Tetra Pak share does not affect significantly the value of static bending strength and modulus of elasticity of the chipboard, but it significantly decreases IB. Also, it has been found that Tetra Pak insignificantly decreases the value of swelling and water absorption of the chipboards.

PL

Próba wykorzystania materiału odpadowego „Tetra Pak” w technologii płyt wiórowych. W ramach pracy zbadano wpływ udziału odpadowego materiału Tetra Pak w warstwie wewnętrznej płyt wiórowych na ich właściwości fizyczne i mechaniczne. Wytworzono trójwarstwowe płyty wiórowe o grubości 16 mm oraz gęstości 650 kg/m3 z 0%, 5%, 10% oraz 25% udziałem odpadowego materiału Tetra Pak. W celu określenia wpływu udziału Tetra Pak w płycie na rozkład gęstości zbadano profil gęstości. Ponadto wytworzone płyty zbadano pod katem właściwości wytrzymałościowych (MOR, MOE, IB) oraz określono spęcznienie oraz nasiąkliwość po 2 i 24 godzinach moczenia w wodzie. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały, że udział Tetra Pak nie wpływa istotnie statystycznie na wartość wytrzymałości na zginanie statyczne oraz moduł sprężystości wytworzonych płyt wiórowych. Wpływa jednak w istotny statystycznie sposób na spadek IB wytworzonych płyt. Ponadto zaobserwowano, że udział Tetra Pak w nieznacznym stopniu powoduje spadek wartości spęcznienia oraz nasiąkliwości jednak obniżenie tych właściwości nie jest istotne statystycznie.

3

Does fish stocking rate affect the photosynthesis of Lactuca sativa grown in an aquaponic system?

75%

Jaszczuk Z. M. , Brysiewicz A. , Kozioł A. , Auriga A. , Brestic M. , Kalaji H. M.

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tom no. 58

243--252

EN

The depletion of natural resources such as freshwater and cropland makes it necessary to find a new solution for sustainable food production. Aquaponic systems seem to be a great alternative to traditional agriculture, however, there are still many unknowns that need to be explored. It is already known how fish stocking affects water quality in aquaponic systems, but not how it affects the plants’ growth, and especially on chlorophyll fluorescence. In this study, we examined how the density of 0, 2, 4, 8, and 16 stocking fish in five aquaria affects lettuce growth. The first tank was only a hydroponic system with plants but without fish (control). In the remaining four aquaria - 2, 4, 8 and 12 specimens of common carp fry with an average weight of 20 grams (average 8.5-33.2 g) were placed in the aquaponic growing system. Physicochemical analysis of water was conducted to determine the levels of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), N-NO3, N-NO2, N-NH4, P-PO4, O2 and physiological parameters of plants (nitrogen balance index - NBI, chlorophyll content index - CCI, quantum yield - QY, flavonoid content - Flv) were analysed. The results showed that fish stocking density has different effects on plant physiological parameters, but in most cases, was insignificant. It seems that the greater number of fishes and higher density indirectly causes growth inhibition (lower photosynthetic efficiency) due to the increase of N-NO3 and a decrease of O2 in the water.