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tom 34
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nr 2
EN
Background. The use of anaesthetics in aquaculture requires conducting specific studies of their effects on fish. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Propiscin (Polish agent containing etomidate) on common carp behaviour, heart rate, and ventilation. Materials and Methods. Carp were anaesthetised with Propiscin at the concentrations of 1 and 2 mlּl-1. An electrocardiograph was used to record the heart rate and the amplitude and rate of the opercular movements. The effects of atropine and forced water flow over the gill system on the anaesthetised carp′s heart rate were also studied. Results. At either concentration, Propiscin caused general anaesthesia manifesting itself in: a loss of equilibrium, faded responses to external stimuli, gradual ventilation failure, and bradycardia. A high correlation between respiration rate and heart rate was found in the anaesthetised fish. Conclusion. The hypoxia was the direct cause of bradycardia, and the regularity and amplitude of breathing are the most important indicators of the level of Propiscin-evoked anaesthesia
EN
Background. Clove oil, containing the active ingredient eugenol, has been reported to be an inexpensive and effective fish anaesthetic. The objective of the presently reported study was to establish the lowest effective concentration of clove oil for the common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., and safe working ranges for the anaesthetic. Materials and Methods. Carp were exposed to the concentrations of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg • L-1 of clove oil. The onsets of individual phases of anaesthesia and recovery rates were studied. In experiment 1 the fish were held in the anaesthetic bath until the lack of responses to handling was observed and in experiment 2—until the fading of ventilation. Results. Clove oil at the concentrations ranging from 30 to 200 mg • L-1 induced general anaesthesia. The lowest concentration causing general anaesthesia with an average induction time below 3 min was 40 mg • L-1. Recovery was concentration-independent and lasted for about 4 min (experiment 1). An increase in the concentration shortened the time of ventilation during anaesthesia and prolonged the recovery (experiment 2). Conclusion. Clove oil is a potent anaesthetic for carp, the safest and most effective at the concentrations of 30-50 mg • L-1. Therefore those solutions should be used, in the aquaculture practice, when the procedure requires more than 5 min of the exposure to the anaesthetic.
EN
Background. The use of anaesthetics in aquaculture requires conducting specific physiological studies of its effect on fish. The objective of this study was to evaluate the direct effect of Propiscin (IRS Olsztyn, Poland) on the rate of isolated heart of common carp. Materials and Methods. The activity of isolated, perfused heart was recorded using an electrocardiograph. Propiscin was applied at concentrations of 2, 10, and 100 mlּl-1 of perfusion medium. Results. The study revealed a stimulating effect of Propiscin applied at a concentration of 10 mlּl-1, a depressing effect being recorded at a concentration of 100 mlּl-1. No effects were observed at the Propiscin concentration of 2 mlּl-1. Conclusion. It has been concluded that bradycardia accompanying the anaesthesia evoked by Propiscin at concentrations of 1 and 2 mlּl-1 of water is not a result of direct effect of Propiscin on the carp′s heart.
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