W katolickiej nauce społecznej naród jest ujmowany jako społeczność ludzka połączona więzią kulturową. Charakter tej więzi czyni z narodu wspólnotę duchową. Treścią tak rozumianej więzi jest wzajemna miłość członków wspólnoty narodowej. Istnienie narodu postrzegane jest jako zjawisko naturalne, co więcej, konieczne z prawa natury. Bez narodu nie jest bowiem możliwy duchowy rozwój człowieka. Naród jako wspólnota osób jest podmiotem określonego zachowania i działania. Podmiotowość narodu stanowi podstawę jego praw. Katolicka nauka społeczna wskazuje na obowiązek patriotyzmu, który stanowi wyraz sprawiedliwości i miłości, odrzuca natomiast nacjonalizm, ponieważ niejednokrotnie oznacza on kult własnego narodu oraz nakazuje pogardę dla innych narodów i kultur.
EN
In catholic social teaching the nation is recognized as a community in which its members share a cultural bond. The nature of this relationship makes the nation spiritual community. The relationship between members of nation rely on their mutual love. That bond bases mainly on the ethos which is a part of the national culture. In addition an essential element of national culture is also a history of the nation. In catholic social teaching the existence of the nation is seen as a natural phenomenon, moreover, it is necessary because the spiritual development of man is impossible beyond the nation. The importance of culture in the life of the nation is reflected in the fact that it allows the expression and strengthening of its spiritual “sovereignty”. In addition, the culture allows the nation to survive despite the loss of political and economic independence. The nation as a community of people is the subject of a specific behavior and actions. The subjectivity of the nation is the basis of its rights (e.g. right to exist, to their own language and culture, to shape their lives according to their own traditions). Catholic social teaching indicates the obligation of patriotism, which is an expression of justice, because everyone owes a lot to own nation. Patriotism can be seen also as a manifestation of social charity, which relies on the common realization of shared values. Catholic social teaching rejects nationalism because it often takes the form of worship of own nation and orders contempt of other nations and cultures. In catholic social teaching the nation is recognized as a community in which its members share a cultural bond. The nature of this relationship makes the nation spiritual community. The relationship between members of nation rely on their mutual love. That bond bases mainly on the ethos which is a part of the national culture. In addition an essential element of national culture is also a history of the nation. In catholic social teaching the existence of the nation is seen as a natural phenomenon, moreover, it is necessary because the spiritual development of man is impossible beyond the nation. The importance of culture in the life of the nation is reflected in the fact that it allows the expression and strengthening of its spiritual “sovereignty”. In addition, the culture allows the nation to survive despite the loss of political and economic independence. The nation as a community of people is the subject of a specific behavior and actions. The subjectivity of the nation is the basis of its rights (e.g. right to exist, to their own language and culture, to shape their lives according to their own traditions). Catholic social teaching indicates the obligation of patriotism, which is an expression of justice, because everyone owes a lot to own nation. Patriotism can be seen also as a manifestation of social charity, which relies on the common realization of shared values. Catholic social teaching rejects nationalism because it often takes the form of worship of own nation and orders contempt of other nations and cultures.
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