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2 Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
1 Naše řeč (Our Speech)

3 Hirschová M.

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Pragmatické motivace v psané podobě češtiny

100%

Hirschová M.

tom 94

nr 4

169-180

The article shows that certain phenomena regulated by the rules of Czech orthography, namely by rules regulating the use of capital letters and quotation marks, are in fact pragmatic. The usage of capital letters points to cases of individual reference (proper names as a means of identification) or it reflects a honorific function (including occasional overlapping with the aforementioned function). The use of quotation marks is shown as an instrument of the author’s communicative strategy involving particular conversational implicatures (pragmatic intrusion - irony, reinterpretation, semantic shifts). It reflects stronger authorial commitment to implicature than analogical strategies occuring in spoken communication.

Obecná pragmatika a pragmatika češtiny

100%

Hirschová M.

tom 65

nr 1

3-15

This article deals with different approaches towards linguistic pragmatics, in particular with the difference between the general concept of pragmatics and the pragmatics of a particular language. In recent decades, the scope and content of linguistic pragmatics has been accounted for in various ways, from very broad to rather restricted. In this article, the notion of pragmatic perspective in language analysis and description is adopted as a suitable concept, i.e. pragmatics is not understood as a separate component (level) of a language system even though the links between semantics and pragmatics are indisputable. The notion of pragmatic perspective in linguistic analysis stresses the fact that each element of a natural language has its pragmatic dimension. Most importantly, this concept entails that the field of pragmatics should deal not only with signs in the classical sense, i.e. from this viewpoint, Morris’s canonical definition of pragmatics is abandoned. Furthermore, some examples of pragmatic description of language-specific phenomena are discussed, in particular the pragmatic interpretation of the Czech conjunction a (and) and of the means of personal and social deixis in Czech.

Řečový akt, řečové jednání a komunikační funkce výpovědi

100%

Hirschová M.

nr 3

163-173

The article deals with the meaning and mutual relations of the terms speech act, speech action (Sprachhandlung) and communicative function of an utterance. The author’s goal is to determine whether they can be considered synonymous. While the term speech act is synonymous with ‘illocutionary act’, the conceptual meaning of the other two terms differs. Though it is difficult to draw a sharp line between a speech act and a speech action/behavior, time span and demarcation (boundaries) are differentiating criteria. The most important distinguishing criterion is the concept of language (speech) behavior, which can be viewed not as a singular event (act), but rather as a complex event consisting of mutually mixed acts or as a continuum (sequence) of sub-acts resulting in one macro-act. A speech act is a static unit, received and comprehended as a result of dynamic speech action (activity), seen as a process without sharp boundaries. A speech act can be a constituent of a speech action, but not vice-versa. Any given language utterance operates on several levels of communication simultaneously, and each of these operations can be seen as a communicative function. When describing a communicative function, it is necessary to distinguish which respective level of communication is being analyzed.