Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Historia i działalność Zakonu Cystersów w Jędrzejowie

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Suska A.

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nr 2

281-297

EN

Each order has its own history of creation, and new rules or regulations are introduced. Most religious are perceived as clergy who, by joining a given congregation through their lives and activities, try to be closer to God and want to go towards it. The Cistercian Order helps by strict adherence to the rules of Saint Benedict, simplicity, poverty, work, and constant approach to Christ through asceticism, chastity, obedience, silence, community of life anddevotion to the Mother of God. Through their lives and missionary activities, they contributedto the development of education, music and architecture. In their actions, they emphasized in particular the integration and development of the human person. It should be mentioned that the motto that has accompanied and is still very important in the life of monks is: Ora et labora, which is translated as: „Pray and work”. The slogan is argumentation in terms of work and prayer is extremely important and should be kept between these prices. In addition, by fulfilling their duties, the monks helped the community that was outside the walls of the monastery. Realizing their ministry, the Cistercians met people who were „unfaithful”. By their actions in currencies with quotas, they often became the guardians of recently established knight orders, but also attempts were made to convert them. The Cistercian archiopathy in Jędrzejów in its history struggled with events that were unfavorable for development, for example: famine, Mongol invasion, Swedish deluge, partition of Poland, fires, or even the period of the Duchy of Warsaw. These circumstances caused: many people died, documents were destroyed, valuables of the abbey were robbed, the number of monks decreased, the property of monks was sold and economic development collapsed. However, the Cistercians take action every time. The aim of the paper is to present the genesis of bringing the Cistercians to Polish lands and their settlement in Jędrzejów. Moreover, when discussing the aforementioned order, one cannot ignore the historic organs and the activities they conduct. For this purpose, the author analyzes, first of all, the history and activities of the Cistercian Order in Jędrzejów.

2

Znaczenie uproszczonej komunikacji w procesie legitymizacji przepisów konstytucji

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Suska A.

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nr 3(68)

81-94

EN

The article aims to describe the importance of using plain language in constitutional communication and the resulting benefits. It was inspired by observations of the political situation in Poland and in the world, which showed the existence of growing manipulative and populist tendencies distorting the law, value, and constitutional principles. The article shows the role of the constitution in the state and society, the essence and dynamics of legitimizing processes, as well as the benefits of simplified communication about the constitution for the acceptance of the legal order, constitutional principles, and values. The main conclusion from the article is that the practical knowledge of constitutional law increases the awareness of society, the effectiveness of its functioning in the political system, and reduces the likelihood of ideological manipulations and abuses of the authorities.

PL

W artykule opisano znaczenie stosowania prostego języka w komunikacji konstytucyjnej i wynikających z tego korzyści. Autorka inspirowała się obserwacjami sytuacji politycznej w Polsce i na świecie, które wykazały istnienie coraz silniejszych tendencji manipulacyjnych i populistycznych zniekształcających przepisy prawa, wartości i zasady konstytucyjne. W artykule pokazano rolę konstytucji w państwie i społeczeństwie, istotę i dynamikę procesów legitymizacyjnych, a także pozytywy płynące z uproszczonej komunikacji o konstytucji dla akceptacji porządku prawnego, konstytucyjnych zasad i wartości. Główny wniosek z artykułu jest następujący: praktyczna znajomość prawa konstytucyjnego zwiększa świadomość społeczeństwa, skuteczność jego funkcjonowania w systemie politycznym oraz zmniejsza prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia ideologicznych manipulacji i nadużyć władzy.

3

Does smog affect the incidence of exacerbations of chronic laryngitis? Analysis based on the inhabitants of Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

38%

Ziarno R. , Suska A. , Kulinowski W. , Grudzień-Ziarno A. , Kostrzon M. , Paciorek M. , Składzień J.

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nr 3

10-19

EN

Introduction: Due to dynamic industrialisation smog became a frequent phenomenon in most developing cities. According to the last WHO report from Global Urban Ambient Air Pollution Database, Krakow has been classified in the 11th place among the most polluted cities in Europe. It seems to be an urgent issue because of the influence of air pollution on the condition of upper respiratory tract. Materials & Methods: In December 2015 there were 141 patients aged 17-91 years with upper respiratory tract diseases admitted to the phoniatric outpatient clinic in the University Hospital in Cracow. They suffered from cough, hoarseness and periodic aphonia. On the basis of the results of videolaryngostroboscopy 60 patients with exacerbation of the chronic laryngitis were selected into two numerically equal groups: from Cracow and from other places at least 60 km away. The groups were equal to each other also in three categories: sex, age and voice usage. The patients were referred to the Pedagogical University in Cracow for laryngography to evaluate the movement of the vocal folds and to trace a voice profile. Finally, there were two possible types of treatment – conventional pharmacotherapy or subterraneotherapy in the underground Health Resort in the "Wieliczka" Salt Mine. Results: Pearson correlation coefficient between the distance from the place of residence to Cracow and the scale of exacerbation of inflammation of upper respiratory tract presenting as vocal fold dysfunction was observed (r= 0,617; p<0,05). Conclusion: The place of residence (in or out of the industrial area) and exacerbations of chronic laryngitis are highly correlated. Air pollution seems to be the main factor influencing on the condition of upper respiratory tract. In our local conditions of Lesser Poland Voivodeship subterraneotherapy may be an interesting, non-invasive method preventing from exacerbations of upper respiratory tract diseases.