We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of some general solutions of the following two functional inequalities with an unknown real function phi: phi(Fx) is less than or equal to eta(phi(x)) and gamma(phi(Fx)) is less than or equal to phi(x). As an application we establish reciprocals to fixed point theorems of Matkowski and Wong. This extends an earlier result of Bessaga on a converse to the Banach contraction principle.
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We establish a covering criterion involving a neighbourhood system and idealsof open sets which yields,in particular, a compactness criterion for an arbitrary topologicalspace. As an application, we give new proofsof Tychonoff's compactness theorem: we consider separately the case of acountable product, in a proof of which the ordinary mathematical induction isused, and the case of an uncountable product proved by the transfiniteinduction. Subsequently, the same argument is applied to obtain some resultson products of Lindelöf spaces.
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