Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Ekstremalne zdarzenia meteorologiczne i ich odzwierciedlenie w stanach wód podziemnych (przykłady z Dolnego Śląska)

100%

Staśko S. , Tarka R. , Buczyński S.

|

tom Vol. 65, nr 11/2

1244--1248

EN

This article presents the impact of meteorological and hydrologic droughts on the groundwater level (so-called hydrogeological drought) based on selected examples from Lower Silesia (SW Poland). The reduction in discharge rate and size in springs, and the duration of low stages in relation to the selected river flows are presented. Groundwater level fluctuations in shallow and deeper aquifers are discussed. The study shows the length of delayed reaction of groundwater in deeper aquifers levels. Examples of effects due to flooding by surface water on the position of groundwater levels in river valleys are presented. Description of the reaction in groundwater, in terms of temporal and spatial extent, is also given. Both periods of hydrogeological drought and flooding events create significant problems for rational water management, especially in the areas of water intakes for individual, rural and large agglomerations.

2

Zastosowanie metod geofizycznych do rozpoznania warunków hydrogeologicznych w osadach czwartorzędowych na przykładzie Wrocławia

100%

Olichwer T. , Buczyński S. , Sobczyk A. , Kasprzak M.

|

tom Vol. 65, nr 11/1

1134--1138

EN

In order to better constrain the hydrogeological conditions to the depth of 50 m in the area of water extraction for Wroclaw city, a multi-faceted geophysical survey has been applied. We have combined electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), ground penetrating radar (GPR) and magnetic resonance sounding (MRS) techniques. The results of geophysical investigations indicate the presence of three rock layers with different permeability. The first layer, up to 2 m below ground surface, represents a discontinuous horizon composed of impermeable rocks. The next one, a porous and permeable stratum (aquifer) with a thickness of approx. 5-10 m, comprises saturated sands and gravels. The observed aquifer is characterized by good hydrogeological parameters, wherein hydraulic conductivity (k) equals 5 X 10-4 m/s and porosity reaches 23%. The third layer, below 10 m, is composed of loamy impermeable sediments intercalated with moraine till. At greater depths (>20 m) they are still loamy rocks, but occurring with interbeds of sands (sandy loam). This is confirmed by the hydraulic conductivity in the order of 10-6 m/s, which is typicalfor semi-permeable rocks. Noteworthy, no additional aquifers have been observed to the depth of 50 m.

3

Wody w otoczeniu Jaskini Radochowskiej (Góry Złote, Sudety)

100%

Rzonca B. , Buczyński S. , Okraj K. , Tytłak G.

|

tom Vol. 52, nr 8/1

675-–682

EN

The presented paper concerns the geochemistry of spring waters in the crystallinemountain region of south-west Poland (fig.1). The research group has mapped all surface waters existing in the 4 km2 study area. The resulting map (fig. 1) includes springs, wetlands and watercourses. Some points on the map represent entire spring zones (fig. 1: points 5, 11 and 13). The spring waters as well as waters from the Jaskiniec stream (fig. 1: point D ) were sampled and sent for laboratory chemical analysis (results are presented in Table 1). In addition, the waters of Radochowska Cave (fig. 2) were also sampled (at points 20 and 21). The physical, field parameters of the investigated waters were checked in the field. The chemical analyses of the 11 samples (8 spring water samples, 2 consisted of cave water samples and 1 water sample from the Jaskiniec stream) divided our samples to two groups (Table 1). The first group were slightly mineralized (M 100 mg/L) waters, strongly dominated by sulfate anions. Their cation composition showed magnesium and calcium are in similar equivalent concentrations (fig. 3). The waters are slightly acidic (pH 5,55– 6,76). This water type was named the „sulfate waters” (springs 1, 5a, 5b, 13a, 13b i 19). The second group, „bicarbonate waters” were higher mineralized (over 200 mg/L), strongly dominated by bicarbonates and calcium (fig. 3), and with a neutral pH. Waters from the springs 11a and 11b and the sampled cave waters were of this type. The chemical compositions of the investigated sulfate and bicarbonate waters are very different when considering equivalent proportions (fig. 4). However, in terms of absolute values (mg/L), only the calcium and bicarbonates concentrations differentiate the types (Table 1). All the other ions have similar concentrations in both types of waters (including sulfate). As shown in figure 5, the waters of the investigated area are always related to local marble outcrops. We believe that the sulfate waters, acidic and slightly mineralized, migrate down the natural groundwater flow gradient and then penetrate the marble lens. This aggressive water then dissolves the carbonates, and saturates with the products of this solution process: bicarbonates and calcium. The study of the chemical compositions of the spring and cave waters resulted in an understanding of the water circulation system in the entire rock massif. Until now, it was reported that spring waters in hard rocks of the mountainous areas of the Sudety resulted from very shallow and low residence circulating waters. If this were the case, the various waters chemical types would not be representative of the host rock mineralogy.

4

Numerical model of the catchments of the Oziąbel and Wołczyński Strumień rivers - Wołczyn municipality

75%

Olichwer T. , Wcisło M. , Staśko S. , Buczyński S. , Modelska M. , Tarka R.

|

tom Vol. 34, nr 2

73-89

EN

The article presents a numerical model designed for determining groundwater dynamics and water balance of the catchments of the Oziąbel (Czarna Woda) river and the Wołczyński Strumień river in Wołczyn region. Hydrogeological mapping and modelling research covered the area of 238.9 km 2 . As a result of measurements performed in 2008-2009, flows were determined in major rivers and water table positions were measured at 26 points. In the major part of the area described, the water table, lying at the depth of 1.5-18.7 m, has unconfined character, and the aquifer is built of Neogene (Quaternary) sands and gravels. In the area under study, groundwaters are drawn from 6 wells with total withdrawal of 6133 m 3 /d. The numerical modelling was performed with the use of Visual Modflow 3.1.0 software. The area was partitioned by a discretization grid with a step size l = 250 m. The conceptual model of the hydrogeological system is based on hydrological data gathered over a period of one year, data from HYDRO bank database, cross-sections and maps. The boundaries of the modelled hydrogeological system were established on the watersheds of the Wołczyński Strumień river and the Oziąbel river, apart from the areas where they run together. The modelled area was extended (271.5 km 2 ) around the Wołczyński Strumień river catchment to achieve a more effective mapping of the anthropogenic impact on its balance and the hydrodynamic system of the catchment area. The structure is characterised by the occurrence of one or rarely two aquifers separated by a pack of Quaternary clays. The investigation produced a detailed water balance and its components.

5

Model koncepcyjny systemu hydrogeologicznego obszaru oddziaływania Lubińsko-Głogowskiego Obszaru Miedzionośnego (LGOM)

51%

Staśko S. , Gurwin J. , Wcisło M. , Modelska M. , Kryza H. , Kryza J. , Olichwer T. , Buczyński S. , Tarka R. , Wąsik M. , Becker R.

|

tom nr 451 Hydrogeologia z. 13

203--210

PL

W Instytucie Nauk Geologicznych Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego opracowano numeryczny model hydrogeologiczny 3D (regionalny), uwzględniający strefę oddziaływania górnictwa rud miedzi LGOM. Stworzony i przetestowany szczegółowy model hydrogeologiczny obejmuje swym zasięgiem powierzchnię 3049 km2, w tym obszary górnicze KGHM Polska Miedź (650 km2). Zbudowany model ma za zadanie przeprowadzenie weryfikacji struktury hydrogeologicznej, rozpoznanie i ustalenie danych ilościowych systemu krążenia wód podziemnych, określenie zmian warunków przepływu wód podziemnych w trakcie prowadzonej eksploatacji złoża a w konsekwencji ustalenie bilansów wód podziemnych modelowanych poziomów wodonośnych oraz ocenę ilościową dopływów kopalnianych na podstawie uzyskanego odwzorowania hydrodynamiki systemu. W efekcie końcowym uaktualniany model posłuży do wykonania symulacji prognostycznych w nawiązaniu do przewidywanego rozwoju obszarów wyrobisk górniczych. W artykule przedstawiono model koncepcyjny systemu hydrogeologicznego badanego obszaru. Stanowił on zakończenie wstępnych etapów prac oraz podstawę przy konstruowaniu modelu numerycznego.

EN

3D numerical hydrogeological regional model has been developed in the Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Wrocław. The model takes into account the impact zone of copper ore mines Lubin-Głogów Ore District (LGOM). Detailed hydrogeological model has been created and tested covered area of 3049 km2 (in this the mining areas KGHM covered 650 km2). Built model is designed to verify hydrogeological structure, identification and determination of groundwater circulation system, to determine changes in groundwater flow during exploitation of the deposit. As a result developed model can determine groundwater balance and groundwater inflow to the mine based on the obtained image hydrodynamics of the system. In the end, updated model will be used to simulate the prognosis in relation to the anticipated development of mine workings.