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Assessment of eating behaviours in adult residents of Greece and Poland - an orginal research

100%

Szczepanska E. , Rzepecka J. , Gora A. , Janion K. , Urbanczyk K.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

2020

tom 71

nr 2

Background: The length and the quality of life are determined by, among other things, environmental factors. The place of residence is associated with certain differences in nutritional culture, with food traditions and customs being of great importance. Also, the location of a given country in a specific climate zone has an impact on the choice of food products and their preparation. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyse eating behaviours among adult residents of Greece and Poland as well as to investigate to what extent these behaviours are impacted by the place of residence of respondents. Materials and methods: A total of 633 randomized respondents at the age of 50 or older (312 Greeks and 321 Poles) were included in the study. The author’s questionnaire was used in the research. Results: A total of 41.07% of respondents, including 31.09% of Greeks and 50.78% of Poles, declared having 4-5 meals per day. Fish was consumed 1-2 times a week by 29.27% of respondents, including 23.40% of Greeks and 15.26% of Poles. Whole wheat bread was consumed several times daily by 20.7% of respondents, including 19.55% of Greeks and 21.81% of Poles. Coarse groats and pasta were consumed a few times weekly by 23.06% of respondents, including 25.64% of Greeks and 20.56% of Poles. Conclusions: Eating behaviours in adult Poles and Greeks are varied, with healthier eating habits in the latter group. There are significant differences between the intake of food products rich in fibre and omega-3 fatty acids by residents of Greece and Poland.

Wprowadzenie: Długość życia i jego jakość uwarunkowana jest m.in. czynnikami środowiskowymi. Miejsce zamieszkania cechuje pewna odmienność kultury związanej z żywieniem, istotne znaczenie mają w tym przypadku tradycje i zwyczaje żywieniowe. Położenie kraju w określonej strefie klimatycznej wpływa także na dobór produktów spożywczych oraz sposób przygotowania ich do spożycia. Cel: Analiza wybranych zachowań żywieniowych dorosłych mieszkańców Grecji i Polski oraz zbadanie w jakim stopniu miejsce zamieszkania ma wpływ na występowanie różnic w zachowaniach żywieniowych osób badanych. Materiał i metody: W badaniu uczestniczyły 633 dobrane losowo osoby w wieku 50 lat i więcej (312 Greków oraz 321 Polaków). Narzędziem badawczym był autorski kwestionariusz ankiety. Wyniki: Na spożycie 4-5 posiłków w ciągu dnia wskazało 41,07% osób, w tym mniej Greków (31,09%), niż Polaków (50,78%). Ryby 1-2 razy w tygodniu były spożywane przez 29,27% badanych, w tym przez więcej osób z Grecji (23,40%), niż z Polski (15,26%). Pełnoziarniste pieczywo kilka razy dzienne było spożywane przez 20,7% osób, w tym przez 19,55% Greków oraz 21,81% Polaków. Kilkukrotne w ciągu tygodnia spożywanie grubych kasz i makaronów zadeklarowało 23,06% badanych, w tym 25,64% Greków oraz 20,56% Polaków. Wnioski: Zachowania żywieniowe dorosłych mieszkańców Grecji i Polski są zróżnicowane, przy czym korzystniejszymi zachowaniami charakteryzowali się mieszkańcy Grecji. Istnieją znaczne różnice między spożyciem przez mieszkańców Grecji i Polski produktów spożywczych bogatych w błonnik i kwasy tłuszczowe omega-3.

Dispersed and acinar forms of pancreatic metaplasia in human gastric mucosa

100%

Stachura J. , Konturek J. , Urbanczyk K. , Bogdal J. , Domschke W.

nr 4

Antibiotic treatment with ampicillin accelerates the healing of colonic damage impaired by aspirin and coxib in the experimental colitis. Importance of intestinal bacteria, colonic microcirculation and proinflammatory cytokines

58%

Zwolinska-Wcislo M. , Krzysiek-Maczka G. , Ptak-Belowska A. , Karczewska E. , Pajdo R. , Sliwowski Z. , Urbanczyk K. , Drozdowicz D. , Konturek S. J. , Pawlik W. W. , Brzozowski T.

nr 3

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used for their anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects, however their use is associated with the broad spectrum of side effects observed in human as well as the experimental animals. Despite damaging activity of NSAIDs in upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, these drugs exert deleterious influence in lower GI tract, including colon. The role of GI microflora in the pathogenesis of NSAIDs-induced experimental colonic damage is not completely understood. The aim of this study was 1) to evaluate the relative importance of the GI microflora on the experimental colonic damage in the presence of caused by NSAID, and 2) to assess the efficacy of antibiotic treatment with ampicillin on the process of healing of colitis. We compared the effect of vehicle, ASA applied 40 mg/kg intragastrically (i.g.) or the selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (25 mg/kg i.g.) without or with ampicillin treatment (800 mg/kg i.g.) administered throughout the period of 10 days, on the intensity of TNBS-induced colitis in rats. The severity of colonic damage, the alterations in the colonic blood flow (CBF) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, the mucosal expression of TNF-, IL-1ß, COX-2, VEGF and iNOS and the plasma concentration of TNF- and IL-1ß were assessed. In all rats, the faeces samples as well as those from the colonic mucosa, blood, liver and spleen underwent microbiological evaluation for intestinal bacterial species including Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. The administration of TNBS resulted in macroscopic and microscopic lesions accompanied by the significant fall in the CBF, an increase in tissue weight and 4-5-fold rise in the MPO activity and a significant increase in the plasma IL-1ß and TNF- levels. ASA or celecoxib significantly increased the area of colonic lesions, enhanced MPO activity and caused the marked increase in colonic tissue weight and plasma IL-1ß and TNF- levels, as well as an overexpression of mRNA for IL-1ß and TNF-, COX-2, VEGF and iNOS in the colonic tissue. ASA and coxib also resulted also in a significant increase of E. coli counts in the stool at day 3 and day 10 day of the observation compared with the intact rats. Moreover, E. coli translocation from the colon to the blood and extraintestinal organs such as liver and spleen in the group of rats treated without or with ASA and coxib. E. coli was the most common bacteria isolated from these organs. Treatment with ampicillin significantly attenuated the ASA- or celecoxib-induced increase in plasma levels of IL-1ß and TNF- and suppressed the mucosal mRNA expression for IL-1ß and TNF-ß, COX-2, iNOS and VEGF in the colonic mucosa. Ampicillin administration caused a significant fall in the number of E. coli in the faeces at day 3 and day 10 of observation in ASA- and coxib-treated rats with colitis. Antibiotic therapy markedly reduced bacterial translocation to the colonic tissue and the extraintestinal organs such as the liver and spleen. We conclude that administration of ASA and to lesser extent of celecoxib, delays the healing of experimental colitis and enhances the alterations in colonic blood flow, proinflammatory markers such as IL-1ß, TNF-, COX-2, iNOS and VEGF and increased intestinal mucosal permeability resulting in the intestinal bacterial translocation to the blood, spleen and liver. Antibiotic treatment with ampicillin is effective in the diminishing of the severity of colonic damage, counteracts both the NSAID-induced fall in colonic microcirculation and bacterial E.coli translocation to the extraintestinal organs.