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PL
Aby ocenić niezawodność produktu za pomocą testu poprawy niezawodności (Reliability Enhancement Test, RET), w badaniach najpierw rozważano proces zmiany parametrów modelu Arrheniusa poprzez połączenie modelu Arrheniusa z modelem Duane'a oraz przedstawiono adaptacyjny model przyspieszony i metodę oceny parametrów. Następnie, na podstawie adaptacyjnego modelu przyspieszonego opisano metodę transferu danych z RET do badań przy normalnym oddziaływaniu czynników zewnętrznych. Wreszcie, omówiono różnice obserwowane przy zastosowaniu RET do badań identyfikacyjnych niezawodności i badań wzrostu niezawodności. Na przykładzie zagadnienia inżynierskiego przedstawiono także metodę obliczania wskaźnika niezawodności produktu za pomocą RET.
EN
To assess the reliability of a product using a Reliability Enhancement Test (RET), this study first considers the change process of the Arrhenius model parameters by combining the Arrhenius model with the Duane model and gives an adaptive accelerated model and a parameter estimation method. Then, the data transfer method from the RET to normal test stress are described based on the adaptive accelerated model. Finally, the differences observed when the RET is used for a reliability identity test or a reliability growth test are discussed, and an engineering case demonstrates a method for obtaining the reliability index of a product using the RET.
EN
One hundred wheat lines, derived from monosomic additions of chromosome 1R of rye inbred line R12 (Chinese rye), were detected by PCR amplification using rye-specific primer pairs. Only 5 wheat lines, 1R296, 1R330, 1R314, 1R725,and 1R734, were determined to contain rye chromatin. While 1R296 and 1R330 were highly susceptible to stripe rust and powdery mildew, 1R314, 1R725 and IR734 were highly resistant to both diseases. Acid-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the ω-secalin bands were absent in 1R314, but present in the other 4 wheat lines. Genomic in situ hybridization indicated that 1R296, 1R330, and 1R725 contained translocations involving the whole short arm of chromosome 1R. However, 1R314 and 1R734 contained a pair of wheat chromosomes with small, terminal, rye-derived chromosome segments. The results suggest that the translocation breakpoint of 1 RS in 1R314 was located between the Sec-1 locus and the disease-resistance loci, while in line 1R734, the breakpoint was located between the Sec-1 locus and the centromere. Taking account of the improved disease resistance of 1R725,1R314 and 1R734, the chromosome arm 1 RS of R12 may represent new and valuable disease resistance resources for wheat improvement.
EN
The paper describes the role of different terms in asymptotic expansion of the stress field around surface crack tip under lubricated contact conditions. The maximum tangential stress (MTS) crack propagation criterion is modified to account for the influence of internal pressure along the crack surfaces due to trapped fluid. The developed model is used to simulate surface crack growth on a gear tooth flank. Comparison with experimental results shows that the modified MTS criterion predicts the kink angle more accurately than the original criterion.
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EN
Rotational speed difference is an important factor that effects synchronism and stability of vibratory machines. This paper establishes the motor dynamical differential equation based on MRAS (model reference adaptive system). Speed regulator is designed based on PID regulator and adaptive controller. Then using MRAS to control, identify and simulate the speed of two rotors. Simulation results show that adopting MRAS is better than common PID system.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono równania różniczkowe opisujące dynamikę silnika synchronicznego bazujące na MRAS (model reference adaptive system). Następnie opracowano system kontroli szybkości bazujący na sterowniku PID i sterowniku adaptacyjnym.
EN
The electronic structure and magnetism of Mn2RhZ (Z = Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Sb) Heusler alloys have been studied by using first-principles calculations. Three half-metallic ferromagnets, namely, Mn2RhAl, Mn2RhGe and Mn2RhSb have been considered. The calculated equilibrium lattice constant increases with increasing atomic number of Z atoms lying in same column of periodic table. The calculated total magnetic moments M are 2 μB/f.u. for Mn2RhAl and Mn2RhGa, 3 μB/f.u. for Mn2RhSi, Mn2RhGe and Mn2RhSn, and 4 μB/f.u. for Mn2RhSb, which agrees with the Slater-Pauling curve quite well. In all these compounds, except for Mn2RhSb, the moments of Mn (A) and Mn (B) are antiparallel to each other. The total magnetic moments of the three considered half-metals assume integral values in a wide range of equilibrium lattice parameters.
EN
The present research work focuses on effective preparation of activated bentonite (AB) and its application in removal of oil-soluble green pigment (OSGP) from either vegetable oils or food-processing wastewater. Mono-factor experiments were carried out to explore the effects of operation factors in preparation of AB. The parameters investigated were the effect of contact time, adsorbent dosage, initial OSGP concentration and temperature. The chemical composition, crystalline phases, microstructure and functional groups of prepared AB were characterized and evaluated by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), respectively. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium isotherms were studied, finding that the adsorption process fitted better with the pseudo-second-order model and the Freundlich isotherm equation. In addition, thermodynamic parameters, such as standard the Gibbs free energy (ΔG°), standard enthalpy (ΔH°) and standard entropy (ΔS°) were also calculated, indicating that adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic. The findings of this investigation suggest that AB prepared through microwave activation as a cheap adsorbent holds great potential to remove oil-soluble green pigment in the wastewater treatment process.
EN
Adhesive bonds have very strong influence on mechanical properties of composite particulate metal foams. This study experimentally investigates for the first time the geometrical and mechanical properties of PA 12 adhesive bonds between spherical advanced pore morphology (APM) elements made of AlSi10 foam. A new experimentation setup for mechanical testing of bonds in APM structures is based on APM element puncturing. The results show that mechanical behaviour of adhesive bonds differs much from the basic mechanical behaviour of adhesive. Two different bond failure modes are identified, depending on the bond geometry. The geometrical and mechanical results are statistically interpreted for simpler representation, applicability, and modelling of bonds in APM composites in the future.
EN
In this study, a modified starch was utilized to selectively separate barite from fluorite. The results of flotation tests showed that highly selective separation of fluorite from barite was obtained when 250 mg/dm3 of modified starch and 13.16×10−5 mol/dm3 sodium oleate was used in neutral solutions. FTIR spectra results showed that the modified starch can adsorb on the fluorite and barite surfaces. Zeta potential analyses indicated that the modified starch had little effect on adsorption of sodium oleate on the fluorite surface, although it interfered with the adsorption of sodium oleate on the barite surface. Contact angle measurements results corresponded well with the flotation results.
EN
Raw diatomite (RD) and diatomite concentrate (DC) were used for the adsorption of cationic Red X-GRL from aqueous solutions. Mono-factor experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of the operation factor, and adsorption kinetics, isotherms, thermodynamics and mechanisms were explored. Similar trend for X-GRL adsorption onto RD and DC was observed. The adsorption capacity of dyes increased slightly with temperature, and the neutral pH was the optimum level. The adsorption processes occurred in accordance with the pseudo second-order model and were well fitted by the Langmuir isotherm model. The main driving forces of the physical adsorption on the diatomite were electrostatic attraction and van der Waals force. The RD could uptake more X-GRL than DC due to its higher content of fine particle and therefore, due to higher surface area available for adsorption. Raw diatomite as a cheap absorbent for X-GRL removal can be suggested as a promising supplement to activated carbon.
EN
The flotation performance of sodium petroleum sulfonates with different molecular weights was evaluated for flotation of a kyanite ore, by investigating valuable mineral recovery-grade, flotation kinetics and gangue entrainment. The results indicated that the higher molecular weight of agent, the higher final cumulative kyanite recovery was, with the maximum value of 72% being obtained with KY-3 with the molecular weight of 438. The final cumulative kyanite grade initially increased, and then decreased with the molecular weight increasing. In other words, the maximum final cumulative kyanite grade (i.e. 89.05%) was obtained with KY-2 with the molecular weight of 392. The kyanite flotation kinetics followed the first order kinetics well, while the modified flotation rate constant showed a decreasing trend after the initial increase as the molecular weight increased. In addition, the overall entrainment degree decreased with decreasing molecular weight of sodium petroleum sulfonates. The use of KY-2 in kyanite flotation was an attractive option in comparison with KY-1 and KY-3.
EN
A repetitive sequence of 411 bp, named pSaO5₄₁₁, was identified in the Secale africanum genome (Rᵃ) by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of wheat and wheat-S. africanum amphiploids. GenBank BLAST search revealed that the sequence of pSaO5₄₁₁ was highly homologous to a part of a Ty1 -copia retrotransposon. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses indicated that pSaO5₄₁₁ was significantly hybridized to S. africanum chromosomes of a wheat-S. africanum amphiploid, and it was dispersed along the Secale chromosome arms except the terminal regions. Basing on the sequence of pSaO5₄₁₁, a pair of sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers were designed, and the resultant SCAR marker was able to target both cultivated rye and the wild Secale species, which also enabled to identify effectively the S. africanum chromatin introduced into the wheat genome.
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Content available remote Enhancement of ferromagnetic properties in Ni-doped BiFeO3
63%
EN
Ni-doped BiFeO3 samples were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). It was found that the magnetization can be controlled by the Ni doping concentration. The magnetization of Ni-doped BiFeO3 was greatly enhanced when the Ni doping concentration was 0.5%. Therefore, it would be interesting to fabricate thin films with similar composition and study their properties with the aim of identifying new device applications.
14
Content available remote Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals
63%
EN
Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals were synthesized and studied by X-ray diffraction, X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and magnetic property measurement system. Room-temperature ferromagnetism was observed in Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals. It was found that the magnetism of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3crystals can be controlled by the Fe dopant concentration. The magnetism of the Fe-doped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 crystals develops from diamagnetism to ferromagnetism and paramagnetism on increasing the Fe doping concentration from 0 to 10 mol %. The results presented in this study may provide new insights to the problem of synthesizing more single-phase multiferroic materials which will hopefully lead to rich and fascinating fundamental physics.
EN
Rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosome arm 1RS could delay leaf senescence, and change in H₂O₂ content is a useful index for weighing the ability to delay the senescence. Two wheat cultivars, Chuannong12 (CN12) and Chuannong 18 (CN18), harboring the wheat–rye 1BL/1RS translocated chromosome were investigated for H₂O₂ change and physiological index after flowering under field conditions, and MY11, the agronomical parent of both CN12 and CN18, was used as the control. A combined change in the peak value of CdSe/ZnS quantum dot (QD) fluorescence and morphological observation indicated that the H₂O₂ contents in CN12 and CN18 were generally lower than that in MY11. They both had higher values for net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), Fv/F'm F'v/F'm, and photochemical quenching of PSII (qP) than MY11 only in the late measurement stage. Some small differences were also observed, such as CN12 and CN18 wheat cultivars having higher and longer photosynthetic competence than MY11 during the grain filling stage, which perhaps resulted from a mechanism for removing oxidative species, especially H₂O₂.
EN
Pitaya contains various types of polyphenols, flavonoid and vitamins which are beneficial for health and it is among the most important commercial tropical fruits worldwide. Endophytic bacteria might be beneficial for plant growth and yield. However, bacterial diversity in pitaya is poorly characterized. In this study, fruits of white and red pitayas from three different origins (Thailand, Vietnam and China) were chosen for endophytic bacteria diversity investigation by using Illumina HiSeq second-generation high-throughput sequencing technology. Large number of endophytic bacteria were detected and 22 phyla, 56 classes, 81 orders, 122 families and 159 genera were identified. Endophytic bacteria diversity was uneven among pitaya fruits from different origins and bacteria structure was different between white pitaya group and red pitaya group. Phylum Bacteroidetes, classes Bacteroidia and Coriobacteriia, orders Bacteroidales and Coriobacteriales, families Prevotellaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Paraprevotellaceae, Rikenellaceae, Alcaligenaceae and Coriobacteriaceae, genera Prevotella, Bacteroides, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium and Sutterella were statistically significant different species (P < 0.05) between white and red pitayas. These findings might be useful for growth improvement, fruit preservation and processing of different pitaya species from different origins.
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