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Modern Approaches to Risk Management and Their Use in Customs

100%

Afanasieva V. , Ivanov L. , Yanushkevych D.

nr 4

6.1-6.14

In the article the analysis of experience and best practices of Europe and the world regarding the methods and tools of risk management in customs affairs. In accordance with the requirements of the Kyoto Convention the risk management is the main basic principle of modern customs control methods, which allows optimal use of resources of customs bodies, without reducing the effectiveness of customs controls, and exempt the majority of foreign trade operators from unnecessary bureaucratic control. Procedures based on risk management, concentrate customs control on areas, where there is the greatest risk, allowing the bulk of goods and individuals relatively free to pass the checkpoint at the customs border Special attention is paid to the principles and methods of risk management and their impact on the simplification of customs procedures through the use of risk-based thinking. The paper discusses the problems concerning the application and implementation of modern risk management techniques in customs procedures subject to the requirements of international standards ISO for the quality management system and risk management based on risk-based thinking.

Electrospinning of Fibres Using Mixed Compositions Based on Polyetherurethane and Hydrophylic Polymers for the Production of Membrane Materials

75%

Bokova E. S. , Kovalenko G. M. , Pawlova M. , Kapustin I. A. , Evsyukova N. V. , Ivanov L.

tom Vol. 28, no. 4 (142)

49--51

In this paper, the possibility of obtaining micro- and nanofibres, as well as nonwoven materials from polyether-urethane solutions using the method of electrospinning, was studied. The conditions and formulation-technological factors for the production of nonwoven fibrous webs from polyetherurethane (PUR) solutions modified with hydrophilic polymers: polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) were studied. The effect of hydrophilic polymers on the structure and average fibre diameter is shown. An increase in the indicators of hygienic properties of modified nonwoven materials was revealed with the aim of their further use in membrane bags for clothes and shoes.

W pracy zbadano możliwość otrzymywania mikro- i nanowłókien, a także włóknin z roztworów polieterowo-uretanowych metodą elektroprzędzenia. Badano warunki i czynniki technologiczne niezbędne do produkcji włóknin z roztworów polieterouretanu (PUR) modyfikowanych hydrofilowymi polimerami: polialkoholem winylowym (PVA) i kwasem poliakrylowym (PAA). Zbadano wpływ hydrofilowych polimerów na strukturę i średnią średnicę włókna. Stwierdzono wzrost wskaźników właściwości higienicznych modyfikowanych materiałów włókninowych, co pozwala na zastosowanie wytworzonych materiałów w materiałach membranowych.