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Boosted HCCI operation on multi cylinder V6 engine

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Misztal J. , Wyszyński M. , Xu H. , Tsolakis A. , Qiao J. , Wyszyński M. , Xu H. , Tsolakis A. , Qiao J. , Wilson T.

tom Vol. 13, No. 2

315-321

This paper is an extension of work done with boosted 1-cyl Homogenous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) engine. As has been proven in the authors’ laboratory on a single cylinder research engine, applying boosting can enable an increased load range with a decreased NOx emission. During the tests which are covered in this paper, a Jaguar V6 research engine with a negative valve overlap facility has been used. The engine is equipped with a mechanically coupled supercharger, which supplies the required amount of air. The introduction of a higher amount of air allows the cylinder mixture to be kept on a highly diluted level; this enables autoignition to be controlled and improves NOx emission. Finally, more air introduced into the cylinder enables more fuel to be injected, which in turn provides for a higher load. This fact is useful as one method to increase the upper load limit for HCCI. Boosted HCCI operation is very sensitive to exhaust gas residuals. It has been proven that valve operation, whether advancing or retarding away from the optimum point will affect NOx emission. Th6is paper will demonstrate that the optimisation of valve timing in connection with lambda value and boost pressure can produce lower NOx emission for the same or even a higher load.

Dietary supplementation with Aloe vera polysaccharide enhances the growth performance and immune function of weaned piglets

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Qiao J. , Li H. H. , Zheng C. J. , Feng Z. Y. , Wang W.

nr 4

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of crude Aloe vera polysaccharide (AVP) on the growth performance and immune function of weaned piglets. A total of 200 (Landrace Yorkshire × Duroc) weaned pigs at 21 d with initial 8.88 ± 0.49 kg body weight (BW) were allotted to one of four dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design according to their sex and BW (5 replicates with 10 pigs per pen, 5 gilts and 5 barrows). Dietary treatments included one basal diet, and three diets with AVP supplementation (0.05%, 0.1%, or 0.2%). Average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed:gain (F:G) ratios were calculated at the end of the experiment. Separated serum samples from each treatment were assayed at the end of the experiment for the concentrations of cytokines and the blocking rate of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Supplementation of AVP at 0.1% improved (P < 0.05) ADG compared with the control group. No significant differences in ADFI or F:G were observed between AVP-treated and untreated control piglets. All AVP-treated pigs had a significantly lower incidence of diarrhoea (P < 0.05) when compared with control pigs. Feeding AVP resulted in increasing (P < 0.01) IL-2 and IFN-γ (at 0.1% and 0.2%) and IL-4 (at 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%), and in no significant changing of IL-10 (P > 0.05). Supplementation of AVP at 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2% increased (P < 0.01) the blocking rate of antibodies against CSFV. These results indicate that dietary supplementation with dietary AVP enhanced growth performance in weaned piglets by improving immune function, decreasing the incidence of diarrhoea