Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Public transport stops and crime within the city space. The case of Stare Bałuty in Łódź

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Mordwa S.

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tom nr 25(4)

26--39

EN

The goals of the study presented in the article draw attention to the role of public transport stops in the spatial distribution of crime in the Stare Bałuty estate in Łódź, Poland. Answers are provided to the questions of spatio-temporal structure of criminal acts committed within the estate, the influence zone of transport stops as well as the assessment and effects of environmental crime predictors in their vicinity. Crime location quotient (LQC) was used to assess the intensity of crime and identify the influence zone that attracts certain categories of crimes to the vicinity of stops. The influence of environmental predictors on the level of threat was identified and assessed on the basis of B. Czarnecki’s method. The variables used in the analysis initially spanned 739 crimes and 53 public transport stops evaluated with regard to 20 safety aspects and their impact on the pro-crime effects on the scale of location as well as various forms and functions of urban development. A strong negative influence of public transport stops ‒ attracting various categories of crime, mostly property theft ‒ was discovered. The negative influence of stops on the concentration of crime within 200 metres is reinforced by the existence of environmental crime predictors. The recommendations and discussions resulting from the findings should influence the policy of crime prevention on the level of object location, management and the maintenance of socio-spatial order in the vicinity.

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Doran B.J., Burgess M.B., 2012, Putting Fear of Crime on the Map. Investigating Perceptions of Crime Using Geographic Information Systems, Springer, New York–Dordrecht–Heidelberg–London, ss. 283

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Mordwa S. , Katedra Gospodarki Przestrzennej i Planowania Przestrzennego U. Ł.

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XX

Recenzja

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Preferencje turystyczne łódzkich studentów

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Mordwa S. , Uniwersytet Łódzki K. G. o. P. i. P. P.

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nr 3

PL

Artykuł jest efektem badań percepcji przestrzeni Polski pod względem preferencji turystycznych wśród grupy studentów geografii Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. Z wrócono uwagę na istniejącą zależność między zdolnością identyfikacji województw a preferowaniem ich do wypoczynku. Skonstruowano także szereg map mentalnych, określających preferencje turystyczne studentów.

EN

Research tourist preferences in voivodeship scale is a subject of this paper. Results of this study are no t surprise. The more attractive voivodeships in students opinion are voivodeships in mountains, on the Baltic Coast and in Lakes Province. Voivodeships in Central and East Poland are preferred only by a several respondents. There are in Poland a group of voivodeships which are not properly recognised and identified; i.e. toruńskie, włocławskie, ciechanowskie, ostrołęckie, rzeszowskie, zamojskie and chełmskie. It’s terra incognita without strong positive or negative preferences. Watching for a places to take a rest students first of all pay attention to it’s natural advantages (mostly inhabitants of Łódź) and ecological situation (mostly residents of Łódź Region cities). During the studies there was revealed a specific type of preferences. Several people prefer first of all a big urban and industrial agglomerations.

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Subiektywne poczucie zagrożenia a zachowania obronne mieszkańców Łodzi

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Mordwa S. , Uniwersytet Łódzki W. N. G.

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2016

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nr 23

PL

Zakłada się, że zachowania obronne mieszkańców w przestrzeni miasta są reakcją na realne bądź percypowane zagrożenia tam występujące. Zagrożenia te mogą mieć charakter społeczny, materialny i socjalny, zdrowotny, związany ze stanem środowiska czy wreszcie charakter związany z bezpieczeństwem międzynarodowym. Zasadniczym celem artykułu jest opis i analiza różnych aspektów zachowań obronnych mieszkańców, które powstały wskutek różnorodnych i zróżnicowanych przestrzennie zagrożeń występujących w Łodzi.

EN

The issues of safety and security in modern cities are complicated and economic, social, cultural, political and spatial dimensions become very important. In this paper the socio-spatial factors affecting residents’ sense of threat and behaviour were studying. The question of “what are the most important socio-spatial factors that can affect the sense of security in cities?” was answered. The research population consisted of the residents of five different areas of the city of Łódź who were 18 years old and above of which a sample of 900 individuals were chosen. These findings showed that perceived socio-spatial threats could strongly affect the residents’ defensive behaviours.

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Przestępczość w Tomaszowie Mazowieckim w latach 2002-2005

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Mordwa S. , Uniwersytet Łódzki K. G. P. i. P. P.

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nr 8

EN

The main aim of this article is to present the spatial diversity of criminal acts and offences in Tomaszów Mazowiecki. The analysis was preceded by the characteristic of spatial and organizational structure of institutions combating and preventing the crime, i.e. Police and Municipal Police. The first Police Station in Tomaszów Mazowiecki was established in 1919. The headquarters of the Station (and then Department) was changed several times, until 1957, when it moved to St Antoni Street 41. Currently the new building of the Department is under construction (on Lange Street). Until 1995 the city space of Tomaszów Mazowiecki was divided into two beats, which in turn was divided into 14 precincts. The headquarters of both beats is District Police Department. The city is served by 200 policemen, according to the state from 2005, but actually it’s lower because of vacant posts. The Municipal Police in Tomaszów Mazowiecki was established in 1992 and now its headquarters is situated on P.O.W. Street 10/16. The Municipal Police can realize its tasks acting independently in the range defined by the City Mayor and Commanding Officer of Municipal Police, but also should cooperate with the Police and other services acting ‘for improving the security and public order, ecology, nature preservation, animal care’. In 2002-2005 in Tomaszów Mazowiecki the downward trend of crime number were noted. During this period 9418 crimes (and 3443 offenses) were recorded on the city area. Therefore on average 2354 crimes (and 861 offences) took place in the city. Calculating it per 10 000 inhabitants, we obtain the index 347,1. This value suggests that the crime level in Tomaszów Mazowiecki is lower than in big cities in Poland. The index is also lower than the index for all country (378,1 in the period of 2002-2004). Nevertheless, in so far as the population of Tomaszów Mazowiecki constitutes about 55,3% of Tomaszowski District, there were recorded 74% of crimes and 64% of offences committed in all District. Taking into consideration individual categories of all crimes committed in the period of 2002-2005, it appears that the most often occurs burglaries (24% of total crime number), robberies (10,2%) and damages to properties (9,4%). Banditries constituted 2,4% of all crimes committed in the period of 2002-2005. Remaining categories, as: murders, affrays and batteries, bodily injuries, lascivious acts and rapes, maintained on the level of 3,2% of all crimes. From among total offences, the most popular were those from the article 119 of Offence Code (deforcement) and article 124 of Offense Code (damage to someone else’s property). The number of crimes committed in Tomaszów Mazowiecki in the period of 2002- 2005 shows clear spatial diversity, with observable concentration of the phenomenon in central precincts of the city (fig. 2). In case of crimes some long standing regularities concerning their daily and weekly schedule can be observed. As it shows the figure 3, days most threatened of crime are Fridays and Saturdays. Inhabitants of Tomaszów can feel more secure on Mondays and Sundays, especially in the morning (during the first shift). Generally during all week, the most safe are mornings. More crimes occurs in the afternoon, and the most in the evening or by night. In Tomaszów Mazowiecki and its surroundings during the third shift especially damages to properties, burglaries and car robberies occur. Another time is chosen by offenders of banditries, bodily injuries and robberies of bikes and motorcycles (afternoons), and especially pickpockets (mornings). In Tomaszów Mazowiecki in 1998 the program ‘Safe City’ was introduced. Originally it’s aim is improving general security in the city. In the range of crime menace, which is the subject of this work, the most important tasks are to be concentrated on: limitation of robberies and burglaries, stopping the increase of car crimes, reducing the number of crimes against the life and health; improvement inhabitants’ sense of security. The important is that as executors of those tasks were engaged not only Police and Municipal Police officers, but also representatives of security agencies, City Hall, insurance agencies, schools and housing co-operatives. It was rightly assumed that the success of program realization can be brought by developing the cooperation between different institutions and inhabitants.

PL

Głównym celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zróżnicowania przestrzennego czynów przestępczych i wykroczeń na obszarze Tomaszowa Mazowieckiego. Analiza ta poprzedzona została charakterystyką struktury przestrzennej i organizacyjnej instytucji zajmujących się zwalczaniem i przeciwdziałaniem przestępczości, tj. Policji i Straży Miejskiej. Omówiono także główne cele i zadania Programu „Bezpieczne Miasto”.

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Krzywa wrażeń dla ulicy Piotrkowskiej w Łodzi

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Mordwa S. , Łódzki U.

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PL

Piotrkowska stanowi centralną, najważniejszą ulicę Łodzi, przy której koncentrują się miejskie instytucje, tutaj wznoszono reprezentacyjne kamienice, pałace i rezydencje. W artykule zaprezentowano wyniki badań, które dotyczyły wrażeń studentów z pobytu na Piotrkowskiej. Do badań i do prezentacji wyników wykorzystano opracowaną przez Wejcherta metodę krzywej wrażeń. Dzięki niej zidentyfikowano najcenniejsze miejsca przy Piotrkowskiej, jak i obszary problemowe.

EN

If we analyze a perception of city space among the citizens, we could to acquire knowledge of laws ruling the way how the public spaces are received. We should know this laws because they may differ of that applicable for space policy and planning. In the article, on the basis of the research conducted on Piotrkowska Str. in Łódź, students sensations of space were indicated. It’s an example of using a Wejchert’s method called “krzywa wrażeń” (sensations curve). Piotrkowska Str. is the main artery of Łódź, Poland. During the researches the most attractive places as well as urban conflict zones were indicated.

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Recenzja. Krajewski K., (red.), 2008, Poczucie bezpieczeństwa mieszkańców wielkich miast. Kraków na tle innych miast europejskich, WUJ, Kraków, s. 254.

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Mordwa S. , Łódzki U.

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