Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Status of sewerage and wastewater treatment in Slovakia

100%

Sokáč M. , Bodik I.

Gaz, Woda i Technika Sanitarna

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2014

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tom Nr 4

128--131

PL

Republika Słowacka leży w centralnym rejonie Europy Środkowej; jej liczba mieszkańców wynosi ok. 5.397.000 osób (2011). Całkowita liczba jednostek osadniczych wynosi 2891, przy czym tylko 400 liczy ponad 2000 mieszkańców. Ogólna liczba mieszkańców w miastach liczących ponad 2000 osób wynosi 3.780.000, czyli około 70% ludności całego kraju. Reszta ludności zamieszkuje niewielkie miejscowości rozsiane po terytorium całej Słowacji. Warunki te, jak również wysoki udział ludności wiejskiej, stanowią utrudnienie w procesie budowy centralnych systemów zaopatrzenia w wodę i oczyszczania ścieków wodociągów i oczyszczalni ścieków, przewidzianych w traktacie akcesyjnym Słowacji do UE z roku 2004.

EN

The Slovak Republic is located in the middle of Central Europe; actual number of inhabitants in the Slovak Republic is ca 5.397 mil. (2011). Total number of settlements in the country is 2891, only 400 settlements with more than 2000 inhabitants. Total number of inhabitants living in towns with more than 2000 inhabitants is 3.78 mil., which represents ca. 70% of population. The rest of population is spread into small settlements around the whole Slovak territory. These geographical facts, as well as high portion of rural population create complicated conditions for connection of population on central water supply systems as well as for wastewater treatment systems according to liabilities of access documents of the Slovak Republic into EU from 2004.

2

Comparison of flat-sheet and hollow-fiber membrane modules in municipal wastewater treatment

80%

Bodik I. , Blst'akova A. , Dancova L. , Sedlacek S.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2009

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tom 18

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nr 3

331-340

EN

The aim of this study was to test membrane modules immersed in pilot-scale domestic WWTP and in the aeration zone of the municipal WWTP Devínska Nová Ves - Bratislava. The first three phases were operated long-term without the employment of additional aeration. The fourth and fifth phases were operated with the employment of additional aeration applied as membrane cleaning in order to prevent the membrane from clogging. The operation of flat-sheet and hollow-fiber membrane modules showed similar results in permeate characteristics. Membrane modules were able to remove organic matter (as much as 92%) and more than 98% of NH₄-N in the long-term operation without activated sludge removal.

3

Wastewater treatment in the Slovak Republic

80%

Namer J. , Drtil M. , Bodik I. , Hutnan M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1997

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tom 06

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nr 2

EN

This paper reviews the present status of sewage, wasterwater treatment and water quality management in Slovakia. The impact of discharged wastewater on the quality of receiving waters is presented. Legislation in Slovakia is compared with European legislation concerning water quality effluent standards. Typical treatment methods used are described and the problems of wastewater monitoring discussed. The serious problems with sludge treatment and disposal are analyzed. Possible perspectives with the relation of size of wastewater treatment plants and the requirements of approved effluent standards are indicated. The suggested steps for improving the present situation in this field are presented.

4

Use of water treatment sludge at the holic wastewater treatment plant

80%

Bodik I. , Drtil M. , Zarnovsky L. , Derco J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1998

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tom 07

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nr 1

EN

Half a year experience in sludge dosing from a water treatment plant to the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Holič is presented. Sludge from the water treatment plant containing a high percentage of iron (15 t%) in different forms was used as a coagulant. The dosing of water treatment sludge at the WWTP strengthened the water treatment effect on insoluble substances, phosphorus removal, and caused a remarkable improvement of the sedimentation properties of the wastewater treatment sludge.

5

Chemical wastes as sources of organic carbon for denitrification

80%

Bodik I. , Drtil M. , Derco J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1995

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tom 04

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nr 3

EN

Denitriiication using real wastewaters from chemical production was studied in lab-scale reactors. The wastewater streams contained as main compounds vinyl acetate, acetaldehyde and methanol. The highest denitrification rates were estimated in the wastewater with vinyl acetate. The effect of the tested substrates on endogenous metabolism and nitrification inhibition is discussed.

6

The optimization of hydraulic protection of groundwater

80%

Derco J. , Kralik M. , Bodik I. , Farkas J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1992

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tom 01

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nr 2

EN

A general algorithm of hydraulic protection of groundwater (HPGW) control based on the checking of the maximal closed groundwater contour is proposed. A model describing only flow of groundwater (not spreading of contaminants) is used and therefore short computational time is sufficient to simulate various operational regimes of HPGW. Groundwater flow is described by a twodimensional two-parameters model with 'real time' generation of boundary conditions. Operation of HPGW is determined on the prediction of HPGW behaviour for 2-3 weeks forward. Results obtained using the developed algorithm are illustrated on a real HPGW operating at the 'Žitný Ostrov' in Slovakia. The usage of the proposed algorithm has made it possible to shorten total groundwater pumping to two thirds of the original value.

7

Biogas production from maize grains and maize silage

70%

Hutnan M. , Spalkova V. , Bodik I. , Kolesarova N. , Lazor M.

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nr 2

323-329

EN

The main objective of this work was anaerobic digestion of maize grains and maize silage and biogas production from these crops. Maize grains were treated using one-stage and two-stage anaerobic techniques; using hydrolysis and acidification as the first stage and methanogenesis as the second stage. Processing nonacidified maize grains in an anaerobic reactor is more stable, though the anaerobic degradation start-up period is longer, specific production of biogas is lower and excess sludge production is higher as from acidified maize grains. Maximum specific biogas production was 0.72 m³・kg⁻¹ of volatile suspended solids – VSS (nonacidified maize) (at 35℃) and 0.770 m³・kg⁻¹ VSS (acidified maize) during anaerobic digestion of maize grains. At average yield of 9 t・ha⁻¹ of dry maize 5,450 Nm³・ha⁻¹ of methane can be generated from nonacidified maize and 5,828 Nm³・ha⁻¹ methane from acidified maize grains. Due to low nitrogen content in maize silage, anaerobic digestion of maize silage is rather unstable. Alkali or complementary substrates with higher nitrogen content (e.g. excess sludge from wastewater treatment plant or manure) can be used for anaerobic process stabilization. Maximum measured biogas specific production from maize silage reached 0.655 m³・kg⁻¹ VSS. At average yield of 30 t・ha⁻¹ of the dry maize silage 9,058 Nm³・ha⁻¹ of methane can be generated.

8

Evaluation of anaerobic-aerobic wastewater treatment plant operations

70%

Gasparikova E. , Kapusta S. , Bodik I. , Derco J. , Kratochvil K.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2005

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tom 14

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nr 1

EN

Seven small wastewater treatment plants were chosen for evaluation. These WWTPs work on the principle of anaerobic pre-treatment and aerobic post-treatment and were made with the cooperation of Slovak Technical University with ASIO-SK s.r.o. Bytča and ASIO s.r.o. Brno. Wastewater treatment plants are made for 5-600 PE. When operated at suitable conditions, the results match the directive water discharge from small wastewater treatment plants in the Slovak Republic.