Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

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Michał Głuszkowski, Socjologia w badaniach dwujęzyczności, Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 2013, 272 ss.

100%

Zielińska A.

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tom 39

270-274

EN

The basic aim of the book of Michał Głuszkowski Socjologia w badaniach dwujęzyczności (Eng. Sociology in Bilingualism Research), is to describe theoretical reasons for the use of sociology in bilingualism research. The author proposes several of sociological theories which are adequate for language contact research.

PL

Książka Michała Głuszkowskiego Socjologia w badaniach dwujęzyczności, wydana przez Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w roku 2013 jest pierwszą w Polsce teoretyczną rozprawą omawiającą kierunki i rozwój badań nad dwujęzycznością w językoznawstwie światowym. Autor skoncentrował się na aspektach socjologicznych, dokonując przeglądu literatury światowej pod kątem uwzględniania wpływu czynników pozajęzykowych na strukturę języków funkcjonujących w kontakcie. Książka składa się z trzech głównych rozdziałów (rozdział I: „Teoretyczne podstawy dla wykorzystania teorii socjologicznych w badaniach dwujęzyczności”, rozdział II: „Socjologiczne uzupełnienie teorii kontaktów językowych”, rozdział III: „Teoria a praktyka. Przykłady zastosowania teorii socjologicznych w badaniach nad dwujęzycznością”), wstępu, zakończenia, streszczeń w językach rosyjskim i angielskim oraz bibliografii.

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Ocena i awans zawodowy nauczycieli – różne perspektywy, różne oczekiwania

100%

Zielińska A.

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nr 1-2(231-232)

181-202

EN

The new system of evaluation and advancement of teachers introduced in Poland in 1999/2000 was supposed to prepare teachers for new tasks and challenges. The amended Teacher’s Charter included the participation of external bodies from outside of school in this system. The article focuses on the analysis of assessment of the system and proposals for its changes suggested by employees of Supervisory Offices, local authorities which run schools, and experts from the Ministry of Education. Some results of research project The evaluation of effectiveness of teachers’ professional advancement system and quality of school work based on a qualitative method of collecting and processing data are used in the article. Some aspects of teachers’ advancement system functioning were assessed in a similar way by various bodies participating in this process. A commonly shared opinion was that its requirements are too low and that way it neither selects nor diagnoses candidates applying for higher professional levels. The requirements are too theoretical and do not evaluate practical skills. It is worth mentioning that in many cases the assessment of the system was relatively closely related to the role and place of assessing bodies within the system. Strongly enough, local authorities are more willing to introduce changes to the system than the experts from the Ministry of Education.

3

Pedestrians’ safety in Poland and use of reflective materials

63%

Sicińska K. , Zielińska A.

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2022

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tom T. 17, z. 1

127--139

EN

The subject of pedestrian safety is particularly important in Poland, where the risk of mortality is very high compared to other European Union (EU) countries. In Poland, 60% of all killed pedestrians lost their lives at night, mostly away from urban areas. The current article focuses on pedestrians’ compliance with the law requirements of the mandatory use of reflective elements at night in non-urban areas since its introduction in Poland in 2014 based on a data analysis and survey on pedestrians’ attitudes and behaviours. An analysis of pedestrian accidents, fatalities, and serious injuries at night five years before and five years after 2014 showed an improvement in pedestrian safety more in non-urban areas (where the law on reflective elements is obligatory) than in urban areas. This study is the first published work to present comprehensive results from an in-depth national survey about people’s attitudes and behaviours regarding the use of reflective elements. The data were obtained from 600 observed and 400 questioned pedestrians in 2018. Observations from 2018 showed that only 21% of pedestrians respected the obligation to wear reflective elements at night outside urban, even though 46% of respondents declared in questionnaires that they wore such elements. Pedestrians who used reflective devices in non-urban areas at night were mainly young people aged 40 years old or younger. They used reflective clothing (shoes, trousers, backpacks); 79% of observed pedestrians did not wear reflective elements at night according to questionnaires from 2018. More pedestrians (60%) who didn’t use any reflective wore black clothing, which made them not visible to drivers and put them at risk of being killed. A comparison of the data showed a positive change in pedestrians’ attitudes due to this obligation. In 2015 only 35% of respondents knew that the use of reflective elements was obligatory in some situations; in 2018, almost half of them (46%) did. The analysis carried out in the present study indicated that the preventive action of introducing the mandatory use of reflective elements at night by pedestrians outside urban areas has slowly improved the safety of pedestrians and decreased the numbers of accidents, serious injuries, and fatalities. Changes introduced into Polish traffic rules have improved pedestrians’ safety on roads since 2014; however, there is still an immense need to carry on social actions and campaigns promoting the use of reflective elements to educate road users to change pedestrians’ behaviours.