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Content available remote Determination of inelastic seismic demands of RC moment resisting setback frames
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EN
In this paper, an extensive parametric study is conducted on plane RC moment resisting frames with setbacks. Firstly, a parameter called as "irregularity index" is proposed based on the dynamic characteristics of the frame to quantify the setback irregularity. Secondly, this paper aims to determine the affect of setback presence on inelastic deformation demands. To achieve this purpose, building frames with different arrangements of setbacks are modeled and designed in accordance with the European standard code of practice. These frames are subjected to an ensemble of 13 ground motions scaled to different intensities in order to obtain different performance levels as prescribed by SEAOC 1995 and analyzed by time history analysis. Results of the analytical study indicate strong influence of the parameters like beam–column strength ratio, number of stories, geometrical irregularity and the performance level under consideration on inelastic seismic demands. Furthermore, a seismic response database consisting of 13,728 non-linear dynamic analyses is generated, and non-linear regression analysis is performed on this database to propose simple formulae to estimate different seismic parameters in terms of the proposed irregularity index. The applicability of author proposed equations in PBD and DBD is briefly discussed.
EN
The inversion of canopy reflectance models is widely used for the retrieval of vegetation properties from remote sensing. This study evaluates the retrieval of soybean biophysical variables of leaf area index, leaf chlorophyll content, canopy chlorophyll content, and equivalent leaf water thickness from proximal reflectance data integrated broad bands corresponding to moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer, thematic mapper, and linear imaging self scanning sensors through inversion of the canopy radiative transfer model, PROSAIL. Three different inversion approaches namely the look-up table, genetic algorithm, and artificial neural network were used and performances were evaluated. Application of the genetic algorithm for crop parameter retrieval is a new attempt among the variety of optimization problems in remote sensing which have been successfully demonstrated in the present study. Its performance was as good as that of the look-up table approach and the artificial neural network was a poor performer. The general order of estimation accuracy for para-meters irrespective of inversion approaches was leaf area index > canopy chlorophyll content > leaf chlorophyll content > equivalentleaf water thickness. Performance of inversion was comparable for broadband reflectances of all three sensors in the optical region with insignificant differences in estimation accuracy among them.
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