Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Bratrská šlechta v Čechách a na Moravě v 16. a 17. století a nové možnosti jejího výzkumu

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Just J.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2018

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tom 33

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nr 1

5-28

EN

The study concentrates on a group of the Unity of Brethren nobility that played the role of patrons and protectors of minority confessional community of the Unity of Brethren in Bohemia and Moravia in the 16th and 17th century. It strives to describe new research possibilities in the area of its territorial concentration and its relation towards book culture.

2

Jan Labounský z Labouně a knižní kultura nižší šlechty:

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Just J. , Reischlová D.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2020

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tom 35

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nr 1

73-105

EN

The study attempts to reconstruct the life of Knight Jan Labounský of Labouně, his confessional ties that can be observed on his relations with the Unity of Brethren and his intellectual interests that are reflected in preserved prints and manuscripts from his book collection. As such, the study also contributes to the topic of the book culture of the early modern age and to studies of aristocratic libraries.

3

Poznamenání některých věcí aneb skutků Václava Holého jako reflexe konfesního násilí na východočeském panství Pernštejnů po polovině 16. století

100%

Just J. , Reischlová D.

Folia historica Bohemica

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2021

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tom 36

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nr 2

287-310

EN

The Unity of Brethren – which was subjected to persecution after 1547 due to the renewal of St Jacob’s Mandate – had a fairly dense network of congregations in East Bohemia, especially at the estates of the Pernštejn family and the Kostka of Postupice family. These noble families’ attitude to the existence of the Unity of Brethren was lenient and they did not prevent it from spreading, but since the ruler had issued the mandate prohibiting the Unity of Brethren to exercise religious activities, they had to order the congregations at their premises to close down and to ensure that the ruler’s will would be respected. Had they not done so, they would have been punished just as priests of the Unity of Brethren who attempted to ensure at least essential functioning of their religious communities by celebrating secret services and by intensive pastoral care. In the region below the Orlické Mountains, members of the Unity of Brethren congregations were cared for by priest Václav Holý – his fate in the period 1547–1559 is documented in a collection entitled Acta Unitatis Fratrum, which is the largest collection of documents pertaining to the history of non- Catholic confessional culture in the 16th century Bohemian lands.

4

Vydavatelské strategie jednoty bratrské na začátku 17. století

100%

Just J.

Knihy a dějiny (Books and history)

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2022

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tom 29

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nr 1-2

115-136

EN

The historical Unity of Brethren produced a relatively large amount of literature, mainly intended for the clergy and members of this community. From the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, the diversity of genres increased, and after 1609, when Rudolf II issued the Letter of Majesty granting religious freedom, the censorship measures were relaxed in Bohemia. As a result, the printing house that the Unity ran in the Moravian town of Kralice nad Oslavou was falling short of production capacity. The Unity’s leadership thus had to approach commercial printing companies, especially in the capital of the kingdom (Prague), but also in Hradec Králové, to satisfy the growing demand of Brethren literature. This study seeks to explore the main reasons for choosing specific printing enterprises to produce publications with Brethren religious texts and the extent to which these preferences were influenced by the printers’ confessional attitudes. The findings of this study show that what played an important role was not only the printers’ confessional affiliation, or their inclinations for the Unity of Brethren, but also their personal ties to the authors of the published texts, or to the contractors of the publication production. Especially noteworthy for this research is the preserved correspondence from the archive of a Unity of Brethren bishop Matouš Konečný, who worked in Mladá Boleslav between 1609 and 1620 and was responsible for the entire literary production of the community as well as its dissemination among the followers. The archive of Matouš Konečný was discovered quite recently in 2006 and is now gradually being released in a scholarly edition. The main contribution of this study is the analysis of the ties between the commercial printers who printed books for the Unity of Brethren in the early 17th century and this relatively small in number but culturally and socially influential confessional community.

5

Bohemian book painting in the Early Modern Period in a new context : an illuminated printed book from the property of the Bohemian Brethren priest Vavřinec Orlík

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Just J. , Šárovcová M.

Umění (Art)

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2016

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tom LXIV

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nr 6

462-479

EN

The recent finding of an illuminated Bohemian Brethren printed book provides important knowledge about Bohemian Brethren book culture. The significance of this discovery impacts the wider issue of the use of fine art within the Unitas Fratrum and Bohemian book painting in the Early Modern period. This newly-found exemplar of the Ivančice Hymnal from 1576 comes from the private estate of the Bohemian Brethren priest Vavřinec Orlík (1520–1589). In 1580, Vavřinec Orlík had an illuminated parchment bifolium with his portrait inserted in the printed book which is coloured and gilded throughout. The documented hand-painted exemplars of the Brethren hymnal from 1576 reveal the unexpected use of serial hand painting and gilding of woodcuts in printed books. The existence of serial hand painting and gilding supports the hypothesis about the use of this technique in Brethren workshops, together with their functioning and distribution networks. The painted portrait of Orlík represents a unique example of a personal representation of a Brethren priest within the context of Brethren book culture as individual portraits of members of the Unitas Fratrum are only known to us from more recent commemorative medals. This newly-discovered portrait suggests that the existence of individual portraits of the Brethren priests was not a unique phenomenon in the milieu of the Unitas Fratrum. Attributing the portrait to Matouš Ornys of Lindperk allows us to analyze the contacts of the Unitas Fratrum with Prague painters. Another important finding is the identification of the artist who carried out the model drawing for the woodcuts in the Ivančice Hymnal from 1576 and several other Brethren printed books from a later period (Matyáš Hutský of Křivoklát). The personalized presentation of the printed book suggests how the unknown book collections of more important members of the Unitas Fratrum may have been composed and how richly they may have been decorated.

CS

Recentní nález iluminovaného bratrského tisku přináší závažné poznatky k bratrské knižní kultuře. Svým významem se takový nález dotýká i širší problematiky výtvarného umění jednoty bratrské a české knižní malby raného novověku. Nově zjištěný exemplář Ivančického kancionálu z roku 1576 pochází ze soukromého majetku bratrského kněze Vavřince Orlíka (1520–1589). Celý tisk je vybaven kolorováním a zlacením. Vavřinec Orlík nechal ještě k tisku v roce 1580 vevázat iluminované pergamenové bifolio s vlastním portrétem. Evidované, ručně zdobené exempláře bratrského kancionálu z roku 1576 poukazují na dosud nepředpokládanou, sériově realizovanou ruční výzdobu tisků kolorováním a zlacením dřevořezů. Předpoklad sériového ručního kolorování a zlacení by podporoval domněnku o lokalizaci této činnosti do bratrské oficíny, jak tomu nasvědčují poměry fungování bratrské oficíny a distribuce jejích knih. Malovaný portrét Orlíka reprezentuje ojedinělý doklad osobní reprezentace bratrského kněze v kontextu bratrské knižní kultury. Samostatné podobizny členů jednoty bratrské jsou totiž známy jen z mladších pamětních medailí. Nově zjištěný portrétní doklad naznačuje, že v prostředí jednoty bratrské nebyla existence individuálního portrétu bratrských kněží ojedinělým fenoménem. S ohledem na atribuci portrétu Matouši Ornysovi z Lindperka lze analyzovat kontakty jednoty bratrské s pražskými malíři. Závažným zjištěním je i identifikace autorství kresebných předloh pro dřevořezy Ivančického kancionálu z roku 1576 a několika pozdějších bratrských tisků (Matyáš Hutský z Křivoklátu). Personalizovaná podoba tisku naznačuje, jaký vzhled a jak nákladnou úpravu mohly mít nezvěstné knižní soubory významnějších představitelů jednoty bratrské.