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Content available Lektyny zywnosci
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PL
Lektyny scharakteryzowano w aspekcie ich chemicznej struktury, jako grupę glikoprotein o właściwościach hemaglutynacyjnych. Ponadto omówiono ich występowanie w świecie roślin i zwierząt oraz właściwości fizjologiczne i przeciwżywieniowe. W podsumowaniu podkreślono, że żywność powinna być charakteryzowana pod względem zawartości glikoprotein, które wpływają na jej właściwości funkcjonalne i żywieniowe.
EN
From the aspect of their chemical structure, lectins were characterized as a group of glycoproteins showing haemagglutination properties. The discussion also included their occurrence in the world of plants and animals, as well as their physiological and anti-nutritional properties. In the summary, it was emphasized that food should be characterized from the point of view of the content of glycoproteins impacting its functional and dietary properties.
EN
The influence of the non-enzymatic glycosylation (glycation) of guanosine-5’-triphosphate (GTP) by glucose on its physicochemical properties was investigated. The progress of glycation was monitored by the ionic-exchange chromatography. The results of analysis of the glycated mixture enabled identifying its three components: free GTP, glycated GTP and GTP-glycated complex. These results were also confirmed by spectral analysis and thin layer chromatography. Moreover, it was suggested that the glycation of nucleic acids could change their nutritive value, e.g. immunogenic and allergic potential.
PL
Badano wpływ nieenzymatycznej glikozylacji (glikacji) guanozynotrifosforanu (GTP) za pomocą glukozy na jego właściwości fizykochemiczne. Reakcję glikacji monitorowano za pomocą chromatografii jonowymiennej. W mieszaninie glikacyjnej stwierdzono obecność wolnego i zglikolizowanego guanozynotrifosforanu oraz kompleksu guanozynotrifosforanu z zglikolizowanym guanozynotrifosforanem.W oparciu o uzyskane wyniki zasugerowano, że glikacja kwasów nukleinowych może zmieniać ich właoeciwości żywieniowe, tj. potencjał immuno- i alergenny.
EN
Background: The aim of the research was to establish the types and incidence of motor organ injuries in young volleyball players and to indicate methods of preventing them. Material/Methods: The research was carried out in a population of 70 volleyball players aged 16-19, students of the Sports Championships Schools No. 2 and 3 in Gdansk, players of the Lotos Trefl Gdansk sports club. The employed method was a diagnostic survey based on an original questionnaire entitled "The Characteristics of Motor Organ Injuries in Young People Aged 16-19 Who Train Volleyball." Results: 85.7% adolescent players experienced different motor organ injuries, the main cause being overtraining and fatigue. It was found the majority of injuries were localised to upper and lower limbs. It was also found that joint dislocations were the most frequent type of trauma experienced by study participants (93.3%). Conclusions: The most frequent cause of sport injuries, in the opinion of adolescent volleyball players, were overtraining and fatigue, which may suggest the injuries could result from training errors and incorrect performance of technical tasks.
EN
Background: The quality of life is determined by numerous factors, among others, social, biological and psychological ones, whereas satisfaction with life and good self-esteem related to health are one of its main measures. The purpose of the paper was to determine the quality of life of the Third Age University students. Material/Methods: The study group involved 130 students of the University of the Third Age in Kętrzyn and Szczytno. The vast majority were women (90.00%; n = 117), and their mean age was 65.4 ±5.9 years. The study used the author's questionnaire containing questions about socio-demographic data and the WHOQoL-BREF questionnaire allowing to obtain the quality of life profile within four domains: somatic, psychological, social, environmental ones. The significance level p < 0.05 was assumed to interpret the hypotheses. Results: In the analysis, the somatic domain had the highest scores (14.58 ±3.10), while the social domain had the lowest (13.03 ±3.48) one. The mean level of satisfaction with the overall quality of life was (3.58 ±0.68), and it was higher when compared to satisfaction with the overall quality of health (3.31 ±0.97). The material-financial situation significantly determined the respondents' quality of life within three domains: somatic (H = 9.94; p < 0.02), social (H = 10.37; p < 0.02), environmental (H = 17.58; p < 0.0005). Whereas, their education had a significant (H = 8.41; p < 0.04) effect on the sense of the quality of life in the psychological domain. Persons with secondary education pointed to a higher level of the quality of life than those with primary education. Conclusions: The improvement in the material-financial situation will positively affect the perception of he quality of life within three domains: somatic, social, and environmental ones.
EN
Background: In the reflection on old age, the issue of activating the elderly and incorporating them into social life in order to counteract social exclusion and all forms of discrimination is clearly marked. The study aimed at getting to know the opinions of the students of the University of the Third Age on preferred health behaviors and social support. Material and methods. The study group involved 130 students of the University of the Third Age. The vast majority were women (90%, n=117), and the mean age was 65.4±5.9 years. The study used a questionnaire containing questions about sociodemographic data, selected health behaviors and social support. The p level of <0.05 was considered significant for the interpretation of hypotheses. Results. The place of residence does not have a significant impact on the activities undertaken among the respondents. Walks and organized gymnastics were the most frequently chosen form of physical activity, which people aged 66-70 often did. Passive rest of a significant percentage of students was associated with watching television. The most frequently occurring condition was hypertension. Emotional support was received by the respondents from the family/relatives (40% of respondents); a similar percentage of people (about 37%) declared that they had no expectations in this regard. The percentage of people using institutional support in both subgroups was significantly different, with respondents in Ketrzyn using this form more often. Conclusions. Surveyed students lead an inadequately active lifestyle. Factors such as age, place of residence and education did not affect physical activity.
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