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2018
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tom T. 13, z. 4
5--12
EN
Nowadays, transport companies operate in a constantly changing environment and are exposed to various risks. One of the main problems of the carriers is the difficulty in obtaining payment for the provided services. The purpose of this article is to assess the scale of debt recovery problem in the Polish transport companies. The publication characterizes main reasons of the occurrence of delays in payments and describes the most effective methods of debt recovery. The article provides us with the results of the research conducted on a group of 50 randomly selected Polish transport companies. The paper is also based on the author's own work experience in the transport company.
EN
Customer service is one of the leading elements of modern logistics. The issues connected with the quality of services as well as to the level of customer service are the subject of interest of many researchers. Based on the literature of the subject, it can be safely stated that the most of the available papers focus on the theoretical aspect of this matter. Therefore, in the following work one can see an attempt of presenting the process of implementing logistic customer service based on one of the leading courier companies in Poland. Dynamic Parcel Distribution (hereinafter referred to as DPD) is a company that owns nearly 30% of shares in the Polish courier market. The significant position of the national leader in the courier service business obliges the company to conduct the responsible and efficient customer service that is adjusted to the demands of the buyers. The purpose of this study was to investigate how logistic customer service improves the relationship between company and its customers. The evaluation of research findings will result in proposing solutions that will aim to improve the processes connected with the customer service in the DPD Company.
5
Content available remote Klystron pulse modulator of linear electron accelerator: test results
45%
EN
Purpose: The purpose of the paper is to describe Klystron pulse modulator of linear electron accelerator. Design/methodology/approach: TH-2158 klystron modulator experimental model is based on semiconductor switch HTS 181-160 FI (acceptable current load 1600 A, and voltage up to 18 kV). The results of test measurements carried out during modulator starting up period are presented in this work. TH-2158 klystron was used as a load. The klystron was connected to the second winding of the pulse HV transformer with 1:10 windings turn ratio. The examined modulator is equipped with safety shutdown circuitry for protection against current overload that may appear at IGBT switch in the case of short-circuiting happened in klystron and waveguide system. Findings: Linear electron accelerator type LAE 10/15 with electron energy 10 MeV and beam power up to 15 kW was designed and completed at Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology. This accelerator was installed in facility for radiation sterilization single use medical devices, implants and tissue grafts. The standing wave accelerating section was selected. Microwave energy used for accelerating process is provided by klystron type TH-2158 working at frequency 2856 MHz. Practical implications: Described HV pulse modulator which designed and constructed for klystron TH-2158 was preliminary tested to evaluate the quality of the klystron HV and load current pulses and optimized selected component parameters. Obtained experimental results are better than those which were predicted by computer simulation method. Originality/value: Description of Klystron pulse modulator of linear electron accelerator.
PL
Liniowy akcelerator elektronów typu LAE 10/15 o energii elektronów 10MeV i mocy średniej wiązki do 15kW został zaprojektowany i skompletowany w Instytucie Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej. Akcelerator ten jest instalowany w stacji sterylizacji radiacyjnej wyrobów medycznych jednorazowego użytku, implantów i przeszczepów. Zastosowano sekcję przyspieszającą elektrony z falą stojącą o częstotliwości roboczej 2856 MHz dostarczanej przez klistron typu TH-2158 francuskiej firmy Thales. W pracy prezentowane są wyniki badań modulatora zbudowanego w oparciu o półprzewodnikowy przełącznik typu HTS 181-160FI (dopuszczalny prąd obciążenia 1600 A, przy maksymalnym napięciu 18 kV), którego obciążeniem zamiast klistronu TH-2158 był układ rezystorów RL o rezystancji 8 Ω i 16 Ω. W normalnych warunkach eksploatacyjnych, rezystancja klistronu jest rzędu 1600 Ω, co odpowiada 16 Ω po pierwotnej stronie transformatora impulsowego klistronu o przekładni 1:10. Badany modulator zawiera układ zabezpieczający (wyłącznik bezpieczeństwa), przed nadmiernym wzrostem prądu obciążenia (na przykład w przypadku zwarcia w klistronie). Do głównych podzespołów wyłącznika bezpieczeństwa należy zespół ceramicznych rezystorów o rezystancji 50 mΩ, komparator LM 319 oraz bramka exclusive-OR typu 74F86.
EN
Linear electron accelerator type LAE 13/15 with electron energy 10 MeV and beam power 10...15 kW was designed and completed at Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology. This accelerator is being installed in facility for radiation sterilization expendable medical products, implants and tissue grafts. The standing wave accelerating section was selected with working frequency 2856 MHz provided by klystron TH-218 french Thales firm. The results of measurements carried out at the TH-2156 klystron modulator experimental model based on semiconductor switch HTS 181-160FI (acceptable current load 1600 A, with voltage up to 18 kV) are presented in this work. A set of resistors RL = 8 Ω and 16 Ω was used as a load instead of TH-2158 klystron. The klystron's resistance will be approximately 1600 Ω, what is the equivalent to 16 Ω measured at the primary side of pulse HV transformer with 1:10 windings tum ratio in normal work conditions. The examined modulator is equipped in safety (shutdown) circuitry for protection against current overload that may appear at IGBT switch in case of short-circuiting in klystron. The main parts of the design circuitry are: assembly of ceramic shunt resistors 50 mΩ, LM 319 voltage comparator and Exclu-sive-OR logical gate 74F86 type.
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