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2 Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne

2 Wojewoda K.

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Mechanizm warunkowości jako nowe narzędzie do obrony prawa Unii Europejskiej

100%

Wojewoda K.

Alcumena. Pismo Interdyscyplinarne

2022

nr 1(9)

5-22

The European Union, as a community of values that are its foundations, is faced with a crisis from time to time in which these values are superseded or distorted by some Member States. The European Union was and continues to be based, first and foremost, on voluntary accession to this project and on the absence of any compulsion to remain in it, therefore no strong and prompt measures were developed to counteract breaches of the Union’s values. Over time, when some Member Countries decided not to respect the EU’s values, while remaining in it, the political will of other countries was established to develop new, more eﬀective measures to counteract such behavior. The purpose of this article is to brieﬂy describe the „classic” tools to defend EU values, for example the procedures from Art. 258-260 TFEU and the procedures from Art. 7 TEU, and then describe the new mechanism - the so-called the conditionality mechanism, which focuses on fnancial sanctions, which may be particularly severe in the period of economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic, and the nature and purpose of which is the subject of extensive discussion.

Komisja Europejska jako strażnik traktatów. Obrona wartości Unii Europejskiej przez Komisję

100%

Wojewoda K.

nr 1(1)

29-52

The purpose of this article is to describe the function of the European Commission as „guardian of the treaties” and, more specifically, as guardian of the values of the European Union. This function has gained value and interest, especially in recent years, through the proceedings against the governments of Hungary and Poland. The Commission already has several diﬀerent tools in place for the enforcement of the values of the European Union by the Member States. In this article, we will describe the two most common methods of operation of the Commission in this matter, their advantages and disadvantages. Typical institutions are the so-called infringements under Art. 258-260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and the procedure under Art. 7 of the Treaty on European Union. The role of the Commission is not decisive in all of the above-mentioned procedures, but it is present in all of them. The competences of the Commission on the basis of existing institutions will be presented, as well as de lege ferenda postulates regarding changes that, according to the author, should take place.