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EN
This paper is a synthetic presentation of the current state of theoretical knowledge and practical applications of Coleoptera: Carabidae in environmental research. An additional task is constituted by the assessment of applicability of these indication methods in investigations at the landscape level. The source of information was constituted by the database of scientific papers of ISI Web of Science. The search was narrowed down to journals published by two environmental science publishing houses: Elsevier and Kluwer. Papers including the criteria of a time interval of 2005-08 and keywords “Carabidae” and “indicator” were selected. The publications were classified into six thematic groups: rural, forest, urban/suburban, natural, mixed, and the group survey/theory.
EN
Our survey was carried out in two study sites of approximately 3.3 ha each located in the Suwałki Lake District in NE Poland in the year 2008. Earthworms and soil samples were collected during two campaigns (spring and autumn) from 25 × 25 cm and 30 cm deep sampling points. The complex arable landscape (CAL) supported higher earthworm diversity, density and biomass than the similarly managed but homogeneous arable landscape (HAL). The spring and autumn earthworm sampling campaigns revealed very different patterns, and we conclude that autumn sampling is the most adequate for biomonitoring. On the other hand, the spring collections were significantly correlated to soil physical parameters, thus spring sampling is more suitable for studying such correlations. Significant correlations occurred almost exclusively for CAL and the soil parameters significantly relating with earthworm community were: soil moisture, nitrogen and organic carbon contents. The possible reason for it is the presence of numerous refuges for lumbricids offered by field margins, balks, woodlots and meadows in the CAL and lack of them in the HAL.
EN
Our survey was carried out in two study sites of approximately 3.3 ha each located in the Suwałki Lake District in NE Poland in the year 2008. Earthworms and soil samples were collected during two campaigns (spring and autumn) from 25 × 25 cm and 30 cm deep sampling points. The complex arable landscape (CAL) supported higher earthworm diversity, density and biomass than the similarly managed but homogeneous arable landscape (HAL). The spring and autumn earthworm sampling campaigns revealed very different patterns, and we conclude that autumn sampling is the most adequate for biomonitoring. On the other hand, the spring collections were significantly correlated to soil physical parameters, thus spring sampling is more suitable for studying such correlations. Significant correlations occurred almost exclusively for CAL and the soil parameters significantly relating with earthworm community were: soil moisture, nitrogen and organic carbon contents. The possible reason for it is the presence of numerous refuges for lumbricids offered by field margins, balks, woodlots and meadows in the CAL and lack of them in the HAL.
6
Content available remote Spektrofotometryczna nowa metoda oznaczania palladu(II) za pomocą 6-tioksantyny
63%
PL
Opracowano nową metodę oznaczania palladu(II) z zastosowaniem 6-tioksantyny. Oznaczono pallad(II) w zakresie stężenia od 2,0 do 20 mg/cm3 przy optymalnym pH 1,0 - 2,2. Badano wpływ obcych jonów na wyniki oznaczania palladu(II). Ustalono skład tworzenia się kompleksu Pd-TX, który wynosi 4 : 1. Opracowaną metodą oznaczono pallad(II) w katalizatorze palladowym.
EN
A new method for determinatin of palladium(II) with thioxantine has been developed. The determination range of palladium(II) is 2,0 - 20 mg/cm3 at optimal range pH 1,0 - 2,2. The effects of substances and ions on the results of the determination was evaluated. The molar ratio of palladium(II) with tioxantine is 1 : 4. Described method was used for the determination of palladium(II) in catalyst.
EN
The paper presents faunistic data concerning new localities of 20 Carabidae species, which have been rarely reported so far from the Masurian Lake District. One of these species, Calathus mollis (MARSHAM, 1802) has been reported from this region for the first time. Carabids were collected in an agricultural landscape at two types of field complexes: small fields cultivated in a rather traditional way as well as intensively managed large area fields. The presented data complete and update the knowledge on distribution of Carabidae in the Masurian Lake District.
EN
Within the last century millions of various dyes have been generated in an attempt to prepare new efficient photocatalysts for their degradation. As fullerenes are commonly known to be effective electron-donor scavengers and are very promising for synergistic reasons, fullerene-titanium dioxide (C60/TiO2) nanocomposites of different mass ratios (1:1, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:100) were prepared. Their photocatalytic properties were examined by investigating methylene blue (MB) degradation. As photodegradation of dye analysis indicated, the C60/TiO2 (1:20) composites were found to demonstrate the highest enhancement of photocatalytic activity. A series of techniques, including SEM and TEM microscopies, Raman and UV-VIS diffuse-reflectance spectroscopies, along with DSC and TGA analysis, was used to characterize the prepared material. It is expected that obtained composites will be able to create pro-ecological and cheaper methods of water disinfection, decontamination of soil, etc.
PL
Celem prezentowanej pracy jest zidentyfikowanie obszarów rolniczych zagrożonych zanikaniem różnorodności gatunkowej na przykładzie zgrupowania dżdżownic traktowanego jako zastępczy indykator różnorodności gatunkowej organizmów glebowych. Przeanalizowano najważniejsze cechy charakteryzujące bieżące tendencje w zakresie przestrzennego zróżnicowania rolnictwa w Polsce, a także przeprowadzono szczegółowe badania z wykorzystaniem metody bioindykacyjnej. Wyniki tych dwóch analiz stanowiły podstawę do wskazania trzech typów obszarów o dużym prawdopodobieństwie nasilania się procesów upraszczania struktury krajobrazu, a więc i ryzyka utraty różnorodności biologicznej gleby.
EN
The aim of this study is to identify the agricultural areas threatened by biodiversity decline on the example of earthworm assemblages treated as a surrogate indicator of soil organisms’ diversity. Authors carried out an analysis of characteristics of current trends in spatial structure of agriculture in Poland. Moreover, detailed study based on the bioindication method was conducted. The results of these two studies were the basis for identifying three types of areas with a high probability of intensification of the process of simplifying the landscape structure, and thus the risk of soil biodiversity loss.
PL
Nonetheless, to date, there has been rather a small number of scientific papers which verified in a comprehensive manner the methodological assumptions of the ES concept as a conglomerate of material and non-material benefits derived by human from natural environment and cultural heritage. Such scientific approach to ES concept has been adopted and implemented in the project “Ecosystem services in young glacial landscape – assessment of resources, threats and use” supported by National Science Centre (2012/07/ B/ST10/04344), carried out in Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences since 2012. This article presents the project objectives, assumptions and research methodology.
EN
The paper presents the results of a questionnaire carried out among landscape users in Suwałki and Augustów Region concerning the perception of goods of nature. Respondents were asked to assign services to 7 ecosystem types (deciduous forest, coniferous forest, swamp forest, grasslands, croplands, wetlands, water bodies) and rank them in order of importance. Our intention was to show the potential/capacity of each ecosystem type to deliver four cultural ecosystem services: sport and recreation, inspiration for creative work, education and science and spiritual experience in the view of local community and tourists.
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