With increased urban growth and municipal infrastructure rapidly deteriorating from age, engineers and contractors are faced with having to determine the most effective method of installing new utilities. Among the various risks factors affecting underground utility construction, owners and municipalities need to determine if HDD is the most feasible alternative in comparison with open trenching. This paper identifies and describes risks and cost factors that can be used in evaluating HDD with open cut. Results of a comprehensive survey questionnaire distributed to North American contractors will be presented.
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