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Formation and Antibacterial Property Analysis of Electrospun PVA Nonwoven Material with a Small Amount of Silver Nanoparticles

100%

Pupkevičiūtė S. , Adomavičiūtė E. , Pavilonis A. , Stanys S. , Prosyčevas I.

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

2015

tom Vol. 23, no. 6 (114)

48--54

Electrospinning is a process which produces nonwoven material from nano/microfibres. The aim of this study was to electrospin poly(vinyl alcohol) nano/microfibres material with small amount of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs), and estimate the influence of Ag-NPs on the structures and antibacterial properties of nonwoven materials. It was found that the Ag-NPs concentration does not have a significant influence on the viscosity and morphologies of electrospun materials. The addition of Ag-NPs causes the formation of thinner PVA nano/microfibres. The antibacterial activity test showed that a small amount of Ag-NPs provides antibacterial properties to electrospun PVA nano/microfibres. Antibacterial properties were tested with different bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 12453, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. It was also noticed that the concentration of Ag-NPs in nonwoven materials affects antibacterial properties. Clearly superior antibacterial properties were obtained from nonwoven materials with a higher concentration of Ag-NPs.

Celem badań było wyprzędzenie włóknin z alkoholu poliwinylowego składających się z cienkich (nano-/mikro-) włókien zawierających małe ilości nanocząstek srebra. Badano wpływ ilości nanocząstek srebra na strukturę i właściwości antybakteryjne otrzymanych włóknin. Stwierdzono, że stężenie nanocząstek srebra nie wywiera istotnego wpływu na lepkość roztworu przędzącego i morfologię wyprzędzionych włókien. Dodatek mikrocząstek srebra prowadzi do otrzymania cieńszych włókien. Stwierdzono, że już małe ilości cząstek nanosrebra powodują uzyskanie właściwości antybakteryjnych. Badano je stosując następujące szczepy: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 12453, Bacillus cereus ATCC 11778 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231. Stwierdzono również, że stężenie nanocząstek srebra we włóknach polepsza właściwości antybakteryjne.

Phenotypical and genotypical antimicrobial resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from cow mastitis

86%

Klimiene I. , Virgailis M. , Pavilonis A. , Siugzdiniene R. , Mockeliunas R. , Ruzauskas M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2016

tom 19

nr 3

The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from dairy cows with subclinical mastitis. Antimicrobial resistance in staphylococci were evaluated by breakpoint values specific to the species (EU-CAST). The presence of resistance-encoding genes was detected by multiplex PCR. A total of 191 CNS isolates were obtained. The CNS isolates were typically resistant to penicillin (67.4%), tetracyc-line (18.9%), and erythromycin (13.7%). CNS isolates (78.0%) were resistant to at least one antimicrobial compound, and 22.0% were multiresistant. The multiresistant isolates were predominantly Staphylococcus chromogenes (28.6%), Staphylococcus warneri (19%) and Staphylococcus haemolyticus (14.3%). According to MIC pattern data, multiresistant isolates showed the highest resistance (p<0.05) rates to penicillin (85.7%), tetracycline (66.7%), and erythromycin (48.2%), but all of them were sensitive to daptomycin, oxacillin, qiunupristin/dalfopristin, and vancomycin. S. chromogenes (9.5%), S. haemolyticus (4.8%), and S. capitis ss capitis (2.4%) strains were resistant to methicillin; their resistance to oxacillin and penicillin was more than 8 mg/l. A high rate of resistance to penicillin was linked to a blaZ gene found in 66.6% of the isolated multiresistant CNS strains. Resistance to tetracycline via the tetK (38.1%) gene and penicillin via the mecA (23.8%) gene were detected less frequently. Gene msrAB was responsible for macrolides and lincosamides resistance and detected in 28.6% of the CNS isolates. Antimicrobial resistance genes were identified more frequently in S. epidermidis, S. chromogenes, and S. warneri.

Characterization of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from diseased dogs in Lithuania

72%

Ruzauskas M. , Couto M. , Pavilonis A. , Klimiene I. , Siugzdiniene R. , Virgailis M. , Vaskeviciute L. , Anskiene L. , Pomba C.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2016

tom 19

nr 1

The aim of this study was to characterize Staphylococcus pseudintermedius for its antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors with a special focus on methicillin-resistant (MRSP) strains isolated from sick dogs in Lithuania. Clinically sick adult dogs suffering from infections (n=214) and bitches with reproductive disorders (n=36) from kennels were selected for the study. Samples (n=192) from the 250 tested (76.8%) dogs were positive for Staphylococcus spp. Molecular profiling using the species-specific nuc gene identified 51 isolates as S. pseudintermedius (26.6% from a total number of isolated staphylococci) of which 15 isolates were identified as MRSP. Ten MRSP isolates were isolated from bitches with reproductive disorders from two large breeding kennels. Data on susceptibility of S. pseudintermedius to different antimicrobials revealed that all isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, daptomycin and linezolid. Two isolates (3.9%) were resistant to rifampicin. A high resistance was seen towards penicillin G (94.1%), tetracycline (64.7%) and macrolides (68.7%). Resistance to fluoroquinolones ranged from 25.5% (gatifloxacin) to 31.4% (ciprofloxacin). The most prevalent genes encoding resistance included blaZ, aac(6’)-Ie-aph(2’’)-Ia, mecA, and tet(M). The Luk-I gene encoding a leukotoxin was detected in 29% of the isolates, whereas the siet gene encoding exfoliative toxin was detected in 69% of the S. pseudintermedius isolates. This report of MRSP in companion animals represents a major challenge for veterinarians in terms of antibiotic therapy and is a concern for both animal and public health.