Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Wpływ nanocząstek metali szlachetnych na układ immunologiczny zwierząt

100%

Malaczewska J.

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nr 04

EN

Noble metal nanoparticles, especially silver due to its antimicrobial properties, are amongst the most widely used types of nanomaterials, and so the possibility of an organism’s exposure to them is relatively high. Excluding injections, there are three natural routes they can accidentally enter the body – the skin, lungs and the alimentary tract. Research on rodents indicate that after inhalation, injection or oral administration silver, gold and copper nanoparticles can easily enter the systemic circulation and reach the internal organs. Particularly vulnerable to the harmful effects of nanoparticles are organs with an extended reticuloendothelial system, such as the spleen, where the accumulation of nanoparticles occurs. It is well proved that metallic nanoparticles are easily absorbed by macrophages located in lymphoid tissues but cannot be destroyed inside the cells. They remain unchanged in phagosomes and chronically stimulate the cells to pro-inflammatory cytokine production. They can also interact with other cell types present in the local environment, e.g. lymphocytes, which can lead to an inadequate immunological response of the organism. Many authors have described the pro-inflammatory effect of noble metal nanoparticles, both local to the application site and generalized. What is more, silver nanoparticles were able to disturb the Th1/Th2 balance or even cause an allergic response of the organism. The beneficial impact of silver nanoparticles on the immune response occurs only when they were applied externally in the form of dressings or ointments in the treatment of wounded or inflamed skin. In such cases nanosilver exhibited immunoregulatory properties accelerating the healing. An explanation for this mode of action may be the fact of relatively poor skin penetration by nanoparticles, limiting their effect to the local tissues only.

2

Mozliwosci zastosowania laktoferyny jako immunostymulatora w hodowli ryb i skorupiakow

51%

Malaczewska J. , Wojcik R. , Siwicki A. K.

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nr 02

95-98

EN

Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding protein from the transferrin family present in mucosal secretions, several organs, secondary granules of neutrophils and the serum of mammals. Many biological functions have been attributed to lactoferrin, including immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Although the presence of LF in fish is unknown, it has similar effects in fish as in mammals. In the majority of the investigated fish species LF promoted proliferative response of lymphocytes, modulated macrophage functions or increased phagocytosis and respiratory burst of fish leukocytes in vitro. Administration of LF reduced the mortality of fish challenged with pathogenic bacteria and viruses, and enhanced the resistance of fish to parasitic infections. Moreover LF treatment reduced the stress response of aquatic organisms cultured under deteriorating conditions. As a natural protein LF shows very low toxicity, high biocompatibility and biodegradability, and is considered safe for the environment and consumer health as well. Although LF had no effect on the immune system of several fish species, its use as an immunostimulant in aquaculture is still a promising area.

3

Effect of Methisoprinol and KLP-602 on the development of immunocompetent organs and selected biochemical indices of the allantoic fluid of chicken embryos

51%

Malaczewska J. , Rotkiewicz Z. , Siwicki A. K.

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nr 3 Suppl.

4

Laktoferyna - mechanizmy dzialania przeciwwirusowego

51%

Malaczewska J. , Rotkiewicz Z. , Siwicki A. K.

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nr 10

1104-1107

EN

Lactoferrin (LF) is an iron-binding protein from the transferrin family present in mucus secretions such as milk, tears, saliva, seminal and vaginal fluids and also found in several organs and blood. It is well known for having antibacterial, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Lactoferrin is also capable of inhibiting the replication of both DNA- and RNA-viruses. Studies indicate that LF inhibits infection of the host cell by directly binding to virus particles or by binding to target cell molecules that the virus uses as a receptor or co-receptor. Additionally, LF regulates the antiviral response of the immune system through stimulating cells which play an important role during the early phases of viral infection, e.g. natural killer cells, monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes. The use of lactoferrin as an antiviral drug has a promising future, especially in cases of patients with immunosupression.

5

CD4- and CD8-expressing cells found in the bovine and porcine anterior chamber of the eye

38%

Maslanka T. , Socha P. , Ziolkowska N. , Dabrowski M. , Malaczewska J. , Ziolkowski H.

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nr 2