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U źródeł nacjonalizmu: idea narodu w filozofii Jana Jakuba Rousseau

100%

Baranowska M.

nr 2

7 - 24

The purpose of the article The sources of nationalism. The concept of nation in the philosophy of Jean-Jacques Rousseau is to reconstruct the philosopher’s viewpoint on the question of nation. Rousseau considers nation as a community which constitutes the best framework for a social life. He attributes sovereignty to a nation and ponders the question of its defining elements. He argues that a government should actively contribute to a nation’s development and cohesiveness. The purpose of the article is to find an answer to the question whether Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s ideas may be regarded as either nationalistic or precursory to nationalistic ideologies. The impact of the analyzed issue of nation and its sovereignty must not be underestimated. The understanding of the philosophical, social, economic and political origin of Rousseau’s conceptions of nation is important in the context of contemporary debates because the reasoning in national terms is still valid today. However, in connection with significant economic and social-and-political changes, particularly those caused by the process of globalization, the questions concerning the meaning of the idea of nation tend to appear more often.

Państwo a religia w poglądach Fryderyka Nietzschego i Mikołaja Bierdiajewa. O religijnych aspektach władzy w świecie „martwego Boga” i kształtującego się systemu komunistycznego

63%

Baranowska M. , Fiktus P.

nr 2

69 - 86

The article is devoted to an analysis of the relations between the state and religion in Nietzsche’s philosophy and the influence of these views on Nikolai Berdyaev. The Russian philosopher referred to the functioning of the communist state, which was replacing religion. He agreed with Nietzsche that religion was one of the efficient tools for controlling people and that any analysis of the functioning of any state could not fail to address the religiosity of its society and the way the phenomenon was used by the government.