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Application of Biologization Elements in Buckwheat Organic Cultivation Technology

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Karbivska U. , Kunychak G. , Dutchak O. , Karpuk L. , Tatarchuk L. , Kashtanova T. , Shelenko D. , Hryhoriv Y. , Gniezdilova V. , Sluchyk I.

tom Vol. 25, iss. 5

235--242

The article examines the potential of buckwheat cultivation as an ecologically oriented crop, which, due to its biological and economic characteristics, can generate profits and contribute to improving the ecological state of production. Buckwheat, being a high-yielding and environmentally friendly crop, has the potential to become an important component of the agricultural sector. Currently, it may not yield as high as corn, sunflower, or soybeans, but buckwheat cultivation allows for profit generation that surpasses most other grain and legume crops, particularly when compared to winter wheat production. Due to its unique properties, buckwheat is valuable in many aspects: it can be used as a soil precursor and improver in agriculture, is an important source of honey, and contains many nutrients that can be utilized to create functional products with medicinal and health properties. The use of organic cultivation methods and the application of organic biostimulant fertilisers, such as “Vermimag”, can significantly improve the growth and development of buckwheat, increase its competitiveness, yield, and the economic efficiency of organic production. According to research results, the best conditions for the growth and development of plants, increasing branching and the number of inflorescences, fruit set, and productivity of buckwheat were achieved by combining buckwheat seed treatment with two-time spraying of crops with the organic fertilizer “Vermimag”. Variants where organic fertilizer was applied showed better development of buckwheat plants, increased branching, and ultimately increased buckwheat yield.

Dynamics of Productivity of Leguminous Plant Groups during Long-Term Use on Different Nutritional Backgrounds

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Karbivska U. , Butenko A. , Kozak M. , Filon V. , Bahorka M. , Yurchenko N. , Pshychenko O. , Kyrylchuk K. , Kharchenko S. , Kovalenko I.

tom Vol. 24, nr 6

190--196

Deterioration of ecological situation, increase of mineral fertilizer prices and their foreseen increase in recent years force us to look for the ways to reduce the rates of their application and alternative means of maintaining high productivity of sown fodder lands. Fertilization was and remains one of the decisive ways of increasing haymaking productivity, as well as increasing their economic efficiency. The productivity of leguminous grasses based on the study of agrotechnological measures of cultivation in the conditions of the Carpathian region is currently relevant. The studied species of perennial grasses, during the three-year cultivation, showed that the largest number of shoots was formed on the variant with horned sedge and was 1185–1201 pieces/m2. Medicago sativa had the smallest number of shoots (470 pics/m2, control (without fertilizers)). Trifolium pratense and Lotus corniculatus provided the highest productivity in relation to other species from 20 to 31%. Analysis of single–species crops productivity of perennial bean grasses by cuttings showed that the peculiarities obtained on average for all slopes, were also similar in each of two slopes. During the three–year use of the herbage on the yield from 1 ha of dry mass in both slopes, the herbage factor had the greatest influence, the share of which was 61–62%, while the share of the influence of fertilizer was 38–39%.