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Pozycja procesowa podejrzanego i pokrzywdzonego w postępowaniu w przedmiocie zastosowania środków zabezpieczających w kodyfikacji postępowania karnego z 1928, 1969 i 1997 r

100%

Zgryzek K.

Problemy Prawa Karnego

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2019

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tom 3 (29)

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nr 3

67-87

EN

The author analyses and compares the normative approaches to the participation of the suspected and victim in proceedings for using preventive measures in criminal procedure. While comparing regulations within the scope of his interest published in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the year 1928, 1969, and 1997, the author emphasizes the necessity of undertaking analyses through the prism of regulations included in Mental Health Act. He also indicates the necessity to protect the rights of the suspected and victim not only during the preparatory proceedings, but most of all during the proceedings for using preventive measures. He points to the fact that the prosecuted person, who has been charged with a crime, ought to be a subject to special protection stemming from his or her state of mental health. He postulates that in the course of pre-trial hearing lead in accordance with Article 354 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, the participation of the parties – including the suspected person – should be treated as a rule, and only in exceptional cases the absence of the suspected with mental illness should be allowed. The author assesses negatively the regulation included in Article 354 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, which allows for using preventive measures against the suspected person even when a court appointed psychiatrists claim that his or her participation in proceedings is unnecessary. He compares this regulation to the operations of “kangaroo courts”.

2

Inflacja normatywna w prawie karnym – rzeczywistość czy złudzenie?

100%

Zgryzek K.

Problemy Prawa Karnego

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2017

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tom 1 (27)

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nr 1

221-235

EN

The author discusses the problem of excessive normative production in Polish legal system on the example of the changes implemented by amending the Code of Criminal Procedure. The article presents the changes implemented in the particular codes of criminal proceedings, starting with the first code of the independent Poland, the Code of 1928, followed by the amendments to that code, which remained in effect until December 31, 1969, as well as modified normative solutions remaining in effect prior to the change of the political and economic system, and concluding with the Code of Criminal Procedure which came into force on September 1, 1998. Such comparative study of the activity of the Polish Parliament between 1928 and 2017 reveals a severe excessive normative production with regard to criminal law in the recent years. The author argues that any normative changes to code regulations should be implemented only once the regulations subject to change have been tested in practice and have undergone an in-depth discussion in all groups that use the modified norms. As a positive example, the author enumerates the efforts of the Codification Commission of the Criminal Law, which resulted in the amendment of September, 2013, and compares it with the procedure of amending the Code of Criminal Procedure in March, 2016.

3

Gwarancje i ograniczenia prawdy w polskim procesie karnym

63%

Karuga M. , Zgryzek K.

Problemy Prawa Karnego

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2023

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tom 7

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nr 1

1-34

EN

This article presents considerations of the various legal institutions that make reaching the truth possible, on the other hand, those that reduce such possibility. This text also shows the influence of such institutions on cognitive possibilities of procedural bodies, as well as the advisability of the truth’s guarantees and limitations in criminal proceedings. After all, the truth is one of the values that are realized by the Polish system of criminal procedural law, and therefore the procedural law must create the possibility of reaching the truth. On the other hand, however, the truth may come into conflict with other values that are expressed by the Polish legal order, so that many times the truth must be limited or excluded for the sake of another value. The considerations are devoted to the relationship between the truth and other principles of the criminal process, institutions of the evidence law, the appellate process and procedural guarantees. This article outlines also the possible extra-legal threats for possibility of reaching the truth.

PL

W pracy przedstawiono rozważania dotyczące poszczególnych instytucji prawnych, które z jednej strony umożliwiają dotarcie do prawdy w trakcie postępowania karnego, z drugiej zaś – ograniczają taką możliwość. Ukazano wpływ tych instytucji na możliwości poznawcze organów procesowych, a także celowość istnienia zarówno gwarancji, jak i ograniczeń prawdy w procesie karnym. Prawda jest bowiem jedną z wartości realizowanych przez polski system prawa karnego procesowego, w związku z czym musi ono zapewniać warunki, by można było do niej dotrzeć. Niemniej prawda może wchodzić w konflikt z innymi wartościami wyrażanymi przez polski porządek prawny, dlatego niejednokrotnie musi zostać ograniczona lub wyłączona. Rozważania poświęcono relacjom między prawdą a innymi zasadami procesu karnego, instytucjami prawa dowodowego, postępowaniem odwoławczym i gwarancjami procesowymi. Zarysowano także potencjalne pozaprawne zagrożenia dla możliwości osiągnięcia prawdy.