Wyniki wyszukiwania - Biblioteka Nauki

1

Manikiurzystki i pedikiurzystki jako grupa zawodowa o istotnym ryzyku dermatoz związanych z pracą

100%

Kieć-Świerczyńska M. , Chomiczewska-Skóra D. , Świerczyńska-Machura D. , Kręcisz B.

|

tom 64

|

nr 4

579-591

EN

In recent years occupational skin and respiratory diseases have been more and more frequently diagnosed in small production and service enterprises. The awareness of occupational exposure and its possible health effects among their workers and employers is not sufficient. Beauty salons, in addition to hairdressers and beauticians, frequently employ manicurists and pedicurists. The workers often happen to perform various activities interchangeably. The health status of beauty salons workers has rarely been assessed. The most numerous reports concern hairdressers. In this occupational group, the occurrence of skin lesions induced by wet work and frequent allergy to metals, hair dyes and bleaches and perm solutions has been emphasized, while information about health hazards for being a manicurist or pedicurist in beauty salons is seldom reported. The aim of this paper is to present professional activities (manicure and pedicure, methods of nail stylization), occupational exposure and literature data on work-related adverse health effects in manicurists and pedicurists. Wet work and exposure to solvents, fragrances, resins, metals, gum, detergents may cause skin disorders (contact dermatitis, urticaria, angioedema, photodermatoses), conjunctivitis, anaphylaxis, respiratory tract diseases, including asthma. The discussed occupations are also associated with the increased incidence of bacterial (particularly purulent), viral and fungal infections and cancer. Med Pr 2013;64(4):579–591

PL

W ostatnich latach choroby zawodowe skóry i układu oddechowego rozpoznaje się coraz częściej w małych zakładach produkcyjnych i usługowych. Wśród pracowników i pracodawców tych zakładów wiedza na temat narażenia zawodowego oraz ewentualnych skutków zdrowotnych wynikających z tego narażenia jest niewystarczająca. W salonach fryzjersko-kosmetycznych oprócz fryzjerów i kosmetyczek zatrudnione są również manikiurzystki i pedikiurzystki. Często te same osoby wykonują zamiennie różne usługi. Ocenę stanu zdrowia pracowników tych salonów prowadzono rzadko. Najwięcej opisów dotyczy fryzjerek i fryzjerów. Podkreślano występowanie zmian skórnych spowodowanych pracą w środowisku mokrym oraz bardzo częste uczulenia na metale, środki do barwienia i odbarwiania włosów oraz płyny do trwałej ondulacji. Z kolei informacje o skutkach zdrowotnych pracy osób zatrudnionych na stanowiskach manikiurzystek i pedikiurzystek w zakładach fryzjersko-kosmetycznych są nieliczne i fragmentaryczne. Celem pracy jest prezentacja wykonywanych czynności (manikiur i pedikiur kosmetyczny i leczniczy, metody stylizacji paznokci), narażenia zawodowego oraz danych literaturowych o niepożądanych reakcjach chorobowych, związanych z pracą na tych stanowiskach. Praca w mokrym środowisku oraz narażenie na rozpuszczalniki, środki zapachowe, żywice syntetyczne, metale, gumę, barwniki, detergenty może stwarzać ryzyko powstawania zmian skórnych (kontaktowe zapalenie skóry, pokrzywka, obrzęk naczynioruchowy, fotodermatozy), zapalenia spojówek, reakcji anafilaktycznych i chorób układu oddechowego, w tym astmy. W zawodach tych możliwe są również infekcje bakteryjne, zwłaszcza ropne, oraz wirusowe i grzybicze, a także choroby nowotworowe. Med. Pr. 2013;64(4):579–591

2

Screening survey of ocular, nasal, respiratory and skin symptoms in manicurists in Poland

88%

Kieć-Świerczyńska M. , Świerczyńska-Machura D. , Chomiczewska-Skóra D. , Kręcisz B. , Walusiak-Skorupa J.

|

tom 30

|

nr 6

887-896

EN

Objectives Manicurists are exposed to various chemicals in nail and skin care products and may develop ocular, nasal, respiratory or skin adverse reactions to them. To investigate the occurrence of ocular, nasal, respiratory and skin problems among manicurists and to identify their causal factors, particularly allergic etiology and occupational origin. Material and Methods Manicurists employed in beauty salons in the central region of Poland were invited to fill in the questionnaire and undergo medical examination, skin prick tests with common aeroallergens, patch tests with European Baseline Series and (Meth)Acrylates Series-Nails and spirometry. Results In the questionnaire adverse nasal symptoms were reported by 70%, ocular – by 58%, respiratory – by 42%, hand eczema – by 43% of manicurists. In the medical interview, the frequency of those complaints was lower: nasal ones – 41%, ocular – 24%, cough – 18%, hand skin dryness – 20%, hand eczema – 6%. Cough and hand skin dryness occurred significantly more frequently than in the case of controls. Contact allergy was found for 41% of manicurists and 35% of controls. The prevalence of nickel sensitization was high in both groups (38% and 27%, respectively). Only 3 manicurists reacted to (meth)acrylates. The frequency of atopic diseases was similar in compared groups. Irritant nasal and respiratory reactions were significantly more prevalent among manicurists (nasal – 18% vs. 2%, p < 0.01; respiratory – 18% vs. 1%, p < 0.001). Work-related nasal irritant reactions were finally diagnosed for 19%, ocular ones – for 13%, respiratory – for 18% and within hand skin – for 23% of manicurists. Conclusions The frequency of workattributed irritant mucosal and skin symptoms among manicurists is high. Exposure to acrylates is an important source of mucosal irritant reactions while occlusive gloves cause irritation of hand skin. The prevalence of nickel allergy among Polish females is high. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(6):887–896

3

Contact blepharoconjunctivitis due to black henna - A case report

75%

Pas-Wyroślak A. , Wiszniewska M. , Kręcisz B. , Świerczyńska-Machura D. , Pałczyński C. , Walusiak-Skorupa J.

|

nr 2

196-199

EN

Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) can induce immediate or – more often – delayed hypersensitivity. We report the case of 48-year old female admitted to the out-patient allergy clinic a day after her visit in a beauty parlour, where she had her eyelashes and eyebrows dyed with henna. Physical examination revealed prominent edema of the upper part of the face including forehead, cheeks and eyes causing severe narrowing of the palpebral chink. Skin prick tests (SPT) with common allergens were positive for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae and moulds, while the SPT with PPD was negative. Patch test to PPD was positive. Further investigations revealed eosinophilia in the tear fluid. To our knowledge, this is the first case of PPD-induced contact blepharoconjunctivitis (CB) with concomitant increased eosinophilia in the tear fluid.

4

Metal-induced asthma and chest X-ray changes in welders

75%

Wittczak T. , Dudek W. , Walusiak-Skorupa J. , Świerczyńska-Machura D. , Cader W. , Kowalczyk M. , Pałczyński C.

|

nr 3

242-250

EN

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the coexisting factors and usefulness of diagnostic methods in metal-induced asthma in Polish welders. Materials and Methods: Examination of 50 welders occupationally exposed to metals and with suspicion of metal-induced asthma (group A), 100 welders occupationally exposed to metals but without suspicion of metal-induced asthma (group B), and two control groups (10 patients with atopic asthma and 10 healthy subjects) was carried out. Questionnaire survey, clinical examination, skin prick tests to common aeroallergens and metal salts, rest spirometry tests, X-ray, metacholine challenge and a single-blind, placebo controlled specific inhalation challenge tests with metals (or work-like conditions challenge tests) were performed. Results: In group A – in 9 cases we obtained positive results of specific inhalation challenge tests with metals (in 3 cases with nickel, in 4 cases with chromium, in 1 case with cobalt and in 1 case with manganese). Nine cases of metal-induced occupational asthma were recognized. In group B – only in one case we obtained positive results of work-like conditions challenge test (clinical and spirometry changes, eosinophil influx in induced sputum), which confirmed the diagnosis of occupational asthma. In most of examined welders (62%), pulmonary changes in chest X-ray images were noted. The statistical analysis revealed that working as a welder for more than 10 years is the coexisting factor of presence of chest X-ray changes (p- or q-type nodular changes or interstitial changes). Positive results of skin prick tests with metal salts were the coexisting factors of occupational asthma due to metals among examined group of welders. Conclusions: Specific inhalation challenge plays the key role in diagnostics of metal-induced asthma in welders. Pulmonary changes in chest X-ray were found in a significant percentage of examined welders.

5

Occupational exposure to diisocyanates in polyurethane foam factory workers

63%

Świerczyńska-Machura D. , Brzeźnicki S. , Nowakowska-Świrta E. , Walusiak-Skorupa J. , Wittczak T. , Dudek W. , Bonczarowska M. , Wesolowski W. , Czerczak S. , Pałczyński C.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2015

|

tom 28

|

nr 6

985-998

EN

Objectives The aim of the study was to evaluate health effects of occupational exposure to diisocyanates (DIC) among polyurethane foam products factory workers. Material and Methods Thirty workers had a physical examination, skin prick tests with common allergens, allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies to diisocyanates and pulmonary function tests. Concentrations of selected isocyanates in the workplace air samples as well as concentration of their metabolites in the urine samples collected from the workers of the plant were determined. Results The most frequent work-related symptoms reported by the examined subjects were rhinitis and skin symptoms. Sensitization to at least 1 common allergen was noted in 26.7% of the subjects. Spirometry changes of bronchial obstruction of a mild degree was observed in 5 workers. The specific IgE antibodies to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and 4,4’-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) were not detected in any of the patients’ serum. Cellular profiles of the collected induced sputum (ISP) did not reveal any abnormalities. Air concentrations of TDI isomers ranged 0.2–58.9 μg/m³ and in 7 cases they exceeded the Combined Exposure Index (CEI) value for those compounds. Concentrations of TDI metabolites in post-shift urine samples were significantly higher than in the case of pre-shift urine samples and in 6 cases they exceeded the British Biological Monitoring Guidance Value (BMGV – 1 μmol amine/mol creatinine). We didn’t find a correlation between urinary concentrations of TDI, concentrations in the air and concentrations of toluenediamine (TDA) in the post shift urine samples. Lack of such a correlation may be an effect of the respiratory protective equipment use. Conclusions Determination of specific IgE in serum is not sensitive enough to serve as a biomarker. Estimation of concentrations of diisocyanate metabolites in urine samples and the presence of work-related allergic symptoms seem to be an adequate method for occupational exposure monitoring of DIC, which may help to determine workers at risk as well as to recognize hazardous workplaces.

6

The prevalence of asthma work relatedness: Preliminary data

63%

Dudek W. , Kupryś-Lipińska I. , Wittczak T. , Świerczyńska-Machura D. , Kupczyk M. , Walusiak-Skorupa J. , Kuna P. , Pałczyński C.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

|

2015

|

tom 28

|

nr 6

1025-1029

EN

Objectives About 5–10% of asthmatics do not respond well to standard treatment plan. Occupational exposure may be one of the factors that can be linked with treatment failure. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of work-related asthma (WRA) among adult asthmatics under follow up in an outpatient allergy clinic and to create a useful tool for detecting individuals with possible WRA. Material and Methods Preliminary 5-question questionnaire designed to recognize WRA was presented to 300 asthmatics. All patients with positive preliminary verification along with 50 subjects from control group were asked to fill up a detailed questionnaire. The WRA was diagnosed by positive match for asthma symptoms in combination with workplace exposure indicated in the detailed WRA questionnaire followed by confirmation of each WRA case by detailed exposure analysis. Results Work-related asthma was recognized in 63 subjects (21% of study group). The preliminary questionnaire has 76.9% sensitivity and 94% specificity in recognition of WRA. Occupational exposure to irritants is a risk factor of WRA recognition (relative risk (RR) = 2.09 (1.44:3.03)). Working in exposure-free environment is a factor against WRA recognition (RR = 0.38 (0.24:0.61)). Among subjects with work-related asthma, the uncontrolled course of the disease is significantly more frequent (p = 0.012). Subjects with WRA more often report sickness absenteeism due to asthma than those without WRA (9.6% vs. 3.2%, respectively), but the observed differences did not reach the statistical significance. Conclusions Short 5-question questionnaire seems to be a promising tool to detect individuals with possible work-related asthma in the outpatient setting for further evaluation and additional attention.